Yearbook of China’s Poverty Alleviation and Development, 2015 IV

【“Ten full coverage”project】In 2014, the poverty alleviation departments at all levels of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region took the“ten full coverage”projects in rural and pastoral areas as the largest poverty alleviation projects, namely the renovation of dilapidated houses, safe drinking water project, street hardening project, all villages’access to electricity, rural power grid renovation project, radio, TV and communication project for all villages, school construction and safe reconstruction project, standardized health room construction, cultural room construction, convenience supermarket chain project, and the old-age insurance, medical insurance and minimum living security of the residents in rural and pastoral areas. Through overall planning, simultaneous construction and entire advancement, the province concentrated to address the backward infrastructure and public services. Except the safe drinking water project (completed 70%) and the rural power grid upgrading project (completed 95%), all the other projects have been completed. 1366 key poor Gacha villages achieved“ten full coverage”and the project funds for each village was about 10 million yuan on average.

【Poverty alleviation system construction】In 2014, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regionintegrated the former 13 kinds of poverty alleviation projects into four projects, namely the precise poverty alleviation characterized by“three to villages and three to households”, financial poverty alleviation, ecological relocation and Rain Plan, and delegated the poverty-relief project approval power to the county / banner government and directly issued the funds to the poor villages and households. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region formulated the“Opinions on Making Innovations to the Poverty Alleviation Mechanism to Steadily Push Forward the Poverty Reduction Work”, issued the“Work Plan on the Poverty Alleviation Project of‘Three to Villages and Three to Households’”and the“Archiving Plan on Poverty Alleviation and Development in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region”, formulated the“Work Program for Leaders At All Levels to Contact Poor Banners and Counties, Sumuxiang Town and Gacha Village”and the“Regulations on Cadre Sending to Gacha Villages for the Poverty Reduction of‘Three to Villages and Three to Households’”, actively improved the assessment mechanisms of impoverished counties and towns and reformed the financial anti-poverty funds management mechanism, promoted the six reforms of the poverty alleviation mechanism and the implementation of ten key tasks, and constructed a relatively complete system of pro-poor policies.

【Poverty alleviation in the contiguous destitute areas】 In 2014, five banners, counties and cities in Xing’an League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were in the contiguous destitute area at the southern foot of Daxing’an ling, among which Keyou Front Banner and Aershan City were border banners / cities. A total of 55.6 billion yuan was invested in Xing’an League, of which 10.02 billion yuan was for infrastructure construction, 18.87 billion yuan for industrial development, 10.47 billion yuan for livelihood improvement, 9.69 billion yuan for public services, 6.42 billion yuan for capacity building and 130 million yuan for ecological environment protection; the League recorded a GDP of 45.06 billion yuan, up 8.1%, and rural residents’income of 65.72 million yuan, up 14.0%, and the poverty-stricken people of the five banners / counties were reduced by 94400. Shangdu County, Huade County and Xinghe County of Ulanqab City were in the Yanshan-Taihang Mountain Area. In 2014, a total of 22.884 billion yuan was invested in the three contiguous destitute areas of Ulanqab City, of which 10.378 billion yuan was for infrastructure construction, 7.535 billion yuan for industrial development, 2.463 billion yuan for livelihood improvement, 1.413 billion yuan for public services, 413 million yuan for capacity building and 682 million yuan for ecological environment protection; the three contiguous destitute areas recorded a GDP of 16.53 billion yuan, up 26.6%, and rural residents’income of 164 million yuan, up 40.5%, and the poverty-stricken people were reduced by 18,300.

【Provincial leaders’contacting poor counties and banners】In 2014, focusing on six major tasks, namely infrastructure construction, social undertakings, industrial development, village appearance improvement, environment and grassroots organization construction, 38 provincial leaders of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region went to the twinned 38 poor banners and counties to guide local anti-poverty work, carried out at least one field research in the twinned county (banner) every quarter to help solve the“bottleneck”problems restricting the long-term development of the county / banner. The Contact Work Office actively contacted the relevant union cities, banners and counties, decomposed the poverty alleviation and development planning and annual plans, strengthened research supervision and offered timely feedback. Taking the good opportunity of promoting the“ten full coverage”project, the relevant union cities, banners and counties integrated the financial resources to implement the projects in the poor banners, counties and Gacha villages. More than 79 billion yuan of project funds were issued to 38 poor banners and counties and the cadre contact mechanism was improved. A total of 465 city government leaders, 2308 county leaders and more than 80,000 party members and cadres were designated to contact poor Sumu towns, poor Gacha villages and poor households and carry out poverty reduction work.

【Record creation for the poor】In 2014, taking the archiving work of the poor as the No.1 poverty alleviation project, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region arranged 6 million yuan of special funds, identified a total of 2834 Gacha villages, 580,000 impoverished households and 1.57 million poor people, established the e-records and implemented dynamic management. In April, the region launched the precise poverty alleviation work characterized by planning, project and cadre services for the poor villages and households. The village-stationed work teams assisted the local relevant departments and the“two committees”to carry out field research on the poor villages and households, analyze the cause of poverty, help poor Gacha villages and poor rural households formulate the poverty reduction planning and annual plan, improved the relief measures, arranged more than 3,000 support units, sent more than 11,000 cadres to work in the poor villages, designated more than 80,000 people to take charge of household poverty reduction, and invested 450,000 yuan in each village and a total of 1.275 billion yuan to support the development of characteristic industries for the poor villages and poor households, covering 42500 poor households, benefiting 1.2544 million poor people.

【Financial poverty alleviation】In 2014, in cooperation with the Agricultural Bank of China, the Poverty Alleviation Office of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region continued to implement the people-enriching project by financial poverty alleviation in 57 impoverished banners and counties. The regional government put in 475 million yuan to encourage the issuance of 6.21 billion yuan of financial loans, covering more than 400,000 farmers and herdsmen and 93 poverty alleviation leading enterprises and cooperatives, alleviating the mortgage and guaranty difficulties of the poor; newly launched the CFPA microfinance project in 16 banners / counties. As a result, the total number of project banners and counties reached 36. A total of 26,000 loans of 579 million yuan were issued, 10,000 yuan per household, directly benefiting 113,400 poor people. A total of 230 million yuan was issued for the construction of pilot mutual fund projects in 90 banners and counties (cities, districts) and 1110 Gacha villages of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. 100,000 rural households (including 64,000 poor households) joined the mutual-aid organizations and more than 13,000 mutual-aid groups were set up. Loans were issued for 180,000 person-times, involving 540 million yuan (including 305 million yuan for the poor).

【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】In accordance with the“Poverty-relief Relocation Plan of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for Ecologically Fragile Area (2013-2017)”, under the leadership of the Farming-Grazing Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region integrated the ecological, poverty alleviation and grassland award and compensation projects, continued to implement ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation among the farmers and herdsmen living in the ecologically fragile impoverished regions, invested 1.47 billion yuan, completed the housing construction of 848,000 square meters, newly built breeding sheds / pens of 201,000 square meters, greenhouses and cold sheds of 1300 mu, constructed basic farmland of 32,000 mu, completed ecological construction and vegetation restoration of 1.73 million mu, completed the relocation of 23,000 households and 73,000 people, covering 69 banners (counties, districts) and three state-owned forest farms. The construction of major projects in some counties and banners was basically completed, and 1073 people were resettled. Meanwhile, we completed the examination and acceptance of poverty-relief relocation projects in the ecological fragile areas launched in 2013.

【Rain Plan】In 2014, the region issued 35.2 million yuan of subsidy funds for the pilot project of Rain Plan in 12 union cities, targeting at the registered poor who received higher and secondary vocational education and skills training for at least one year, 1500 yuan per student per year. The subsidies were directly issued to the families of the students through“one-card”, benefiting 24,000 rural poor students.

【East-west pairing-off poverty alleviation】To support the Beijing-Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regionpairing-off poverty alleviation, Beijing City invested relief founds of 90.78 million yuan and Inner Mongolia provided 88.58 million yuan to support the industrial development and livelihood project construction in Chifeng City and Ulanqab City.

【Fix-point poverty alleviation】The central enterprises and state organs were designated to provide counterpart support for 31 national poor counties (banners) of Inner Mongolia. In 2014, more than 40 million yuan was invested to support the infrastructure construction and social undertakings projects in the poor areas. 105 units of the regional organs and Erdos City were designated to provide counterpart support for Xing’an League and invested a total of 360 million yuan of relief funds. 22 departments and bureaus provided counterpart support for the minority areas of Oroqen, Ewenki, Daur and Russian people and invested more than 400 million yuan in kind and cash. In 2014, 66 regional bureaus and institutions were designated to support Ulanqab City and E’erguna City. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Federation of Industry and Commerce, economic and information technology committee and state-owned assets supervision and management committee respectively mobilized hundreds of enterprises to provide counterpart support for Tongliao City, Xilinguole League and the poor areas of Daqing Mountain, achieving the full coverage of contiguous destitute areas in poverty reduction.

【Social poverty alleviation】In 2014, for two consecutive years, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region provided one ton of heating coal for each low-income rural households and invested a total of 2.1 billion yuan for this program; issued the“Opinions on the Implementation of Financial Aid Policies for Students Newly Enrolled in Universities from Needy Families”, and provided 10,000 yuan of subsidies for each student newly enrolled in colleges / universities from the families covered by the minimum living security system since 2014, issued the one-time subsidies and issued a total of 654 million yuan of subsidies to 18600 people to ensure that the children from needy families would not lose at the starting line. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region provided jobs for at least one member of the zero-employment families, cooperated with China Charity Federation to donate medical devices for impoverished banners and counties and rural medical agencies, address the medical, schooling and heating problems of the poor and make the masses benefit more from the public welfare system.

【Lottery public welfare fund】With LGOP’s central lottery funds for Damao Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region supported the evaluation of the entire village advancement projects in old revolutionary base areas. In 2014, we strived for 42 million yuan of central lottery funds for four old revolutionary base counties / banners, mainly supporting the entire village advancement and small public facilities construction, covering 2229 poor households and 6475 poor residents.

【Food for work】In 2014, the state invested 205 million yuan of Food-for-work funds for Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the regional government issued matching funds of 78.6 million yuan. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region built rural roads of 207 km, overflow pavements of 190 meters and bridges of 294.6 meters in 31 national poor counties and 18 poor banners and counties of the region. Through the construction of small farmland and water conservancy facilities, we increased the irrigated area by 8492 mu, improved irrigated area of 4870 mu, paved water pipelines of 278.2 km, and constructed high-yielding forage grass bases of 800 mu, water-saving irrigation high-yielding forage grass bases of 1600 mu, covering 52,000 poverty-stricken people.

【Poverty alleviation supervision】In 2014, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region issued the“Guideline of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on the Management of‘Three to Villages and Three to Households’in Poverty Alleviation”, effectively strengthened the standardized management of the poverty relief projects and anti-poverty funds of the region, organized two regional meetings on poverty alleviation system discipline inspection and supervision, made deployments on the clean government and anti-corruption work of the region’s poverty alleviation and development system, promoted the anti-corruption system construction and comprehensively promoted the clean government risk prevention and control work. The Autonomous Region Party Committee and Government organized four special inspections on the union cities’poverty-relief fund audit and rectification and the archiving work in poverty alleviation and development, strictly implemented the poverty alleviation project publicity system, the poverty alleviation project village’svolunteer supervisor system, gave play to the role of audit, discipline inspection and supervision departments, and improved the poverty alleviation supervision system integrating special supervision, social supervision and mass supervision.

【Poverty alleviation day activity】On October 17, 2014, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region held the opening ceremony of the first“Poverty Alleviation Day”. The event’s theme was“helping the poor to practice charity”and action slogan was“inviting you to join us on October 17”. The Region’s Vice Party Secretary Li Jia, Vice Chairman Wang Yuming attended and addressed the event. 16 departments of the Autonomous Region, including the party committee’s propaganda department jointly issued the“Written Proposal on Social Poverty Alleviation”, extensively mobilized all circles of society to actively participate in the poverty alleviation and development, and carried out a series of activities with“poverty-relief donation”as the core.

【Poverty alleviation publicity】In 2014, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region published 900 articles on poverty alleviation in the central media, of which four were printed in the“People’s Daily”, 30 broadcast by CCTV (including 5 titled the“Grassroots Work-Key Problem Tackling for Poverty Alleviation”on the poverty alleviation in Inner Mongolia by CCTV 13 on the first“Poverty Alleviation Day”), 12 reported by the Xinhua News Agency, 20 by other major media, 767 by national network media, 14 by industrial media, 36 by LGOP and 17 by the relevant websites. Combined with the“Poverty Alleviation Day”activity, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region issued short messages on poverty alleviation to the mobile users of the region, broadcast public service advertisements on poverty alleviation, vigorously carried out online publicity and made propaganda on advanced and model deeds in poverty reduction. The Poverty Alleviation Office of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and one individual were respectively titled as the“National Advanced Unit in Poverty Alleviation Publicity”and“Excellent Liaison Officer”by the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development in 2014.

【Poverty alleviation training】In 2014, focusing on the key poverty alleviation projects such as the“three to villages and three to households”, the financial poverty alleviation, archiving work, village-stationed counterpart support by regional departments and bureaus and the leaders training to enrich people, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region promoted the training of cadres for poor areas, training of poverty alleviation cadres of the region and the practical skills training of farmers and herdsmen, and held a total of 12 trainings for 1688 people.

(Gao Fengyi, Inner Mongolia Poverty Alleviation and Development Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Liaoning Province

【Overview】In 2014, Liaoning Provincial government continued to take anti-poverty work as a major livelihood project of the province, aiming to mainly support 600,000 registered rural poor residents to increase income and shake off poverty. In accordance with the provincial government’s deployments, the province vigorously promoted the income growth of the poor through carrying out household poverty reduction, relocation, poor labor skills training, poverty alleviation leading enterprises, fixed-point poverty alleviation and microfinance for poverty alleviation. Throughout the year, the province lifted a total of 643500 rural poor people out of poverty and completed the poverty reduction goals set by the provincial government.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, a total of 670 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds was invested in Liaoning Province, up 22.6% over 2013, of which 76.56 million yuan was from the central government, 298 million yuan was from the provincial government and 296 million yuan was from city and county governments. 231 million yuan of the financial anti-poverty funds at all levels was used for household project construction, of which 162 million yuan was from the provincial and central government (including some from the central government), 69.07 million yuan was from the city and county government, 197 million yuan was from relevant sectors and 84.39 million yuan was other funds. The province arranged relocation-based poverty relief funds of 329 million yuan, of which 90 million yuan was from the provincial government, 38.28 million yuan was from the city government, 180 million yuan was from the county government, 20.35 million yuan was from the township government, 281 million yuan was other funds and 97.88 million yuan was raised by the immigrants themselves. The provincial government allocated 25.2 million yuan of special funds for training and the city and county government invested in 5.01 million yuan for the training. The provincial government allocated 25 million yuan of special funds for industry poverty alleviation demonstration project construction. Adhering to the principle of“funding for projects and projects for poor households”in the use of the financial anti-poverty funds, we implemented the“four to households”policy—poverty relief funds to households, capital to households, support measures for households and efficiency for households. Being strict in the management of anti-poverty funds, the financial anti-poverty funds were directly issued to the county from provincial government and the special county financial management system was implemented for close operation.

【Record creation for the poor】In 2014, Liaoning Province completed the achieving work of 2.14 million impoverished people, created records for all the poor counties, towns, villages and households, and entered relevant data into the computer for dynamic management.

【Village-stationed poverty alleviation by cadres】In 2014, Liaoning Province dispatched village-stationed work teams and 5315 cadres to 1791 poor villages, including 206 provincial work teams of 561 cadres; 615 municipal work teams of 1843 cadres, and 970 county work teams of 2911 cadres. The work teams usually work in the poor villages for three years. The provincial poverty alleviation office and the Organization Department of the Provincial Party Committee formulated the“Management Measures of Village-stationed Work Teams in Liaoning Province (Trial)”and held trainings on 206 village-stationed work teams sent by the provincial government; formulated and issued the“Training Manual of Village-stationed Support Work in Liaoning Province”and the“Diary of Village-stationed Work Team”and distributed the documents to the village-stationed cadres, one for each.

【Household poverty alleviation】In 2014, Liaoning Province invested 513 million yuan of special anti-poverty funds to support the record creation for 198600 poor rural households, of which 419 million yuan was issued to 15 provincial key counties for poverty alleviation and development, involving 143700 households; 93.96 million yuan was issued to the non-key counties, involving 54900 households. The household poverty reduction projects covered 1493 administrative villages, and a total of 1670 poverty relief projects were implemented, covering planting, breeding, forest, fruit, characteristic industries and infrastructure construction. Specific arrangements: 242 million yuan for 653 planting projects, accounting for 47.1%; 130 million yuan for 482 breeding projects, accounting for 25.4%; 112 million yuan for 421 forestry and fruit projects, accounting for 21.8%, and 29.47 million yuan for 114 other projects, accounting for 5.7%. A total of 198600 rural households participated in the project construction and the projects benefited 600,000 people.

【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】In 2014, Liaoning Province implemented the relocation-based poverty alleviation projects characterized by entire village relocation. The entire village relocation project determined by the provincial Party committee and provincial government covered 3,000 households. In fact, a total of 3167 households and 9687 people were relocated. 44 immigrants communities were set up for the resettlement of 2692 households and 9026 people, and the annual relocation-based poverty alleviation task was successfully completed. The province invested a total of 708 million yuan of relocation-based poverty-relief funds, including 90 million yuan of provincial anti-poverty funds and 618 million yuan of other funds; created immigrants’records, including the immigration application form, the approval form, the agreement, fund payment notes, homestead approval documents, acceptance tables, etc., ensuring that one document is created for each household and one volume is made for each town every year, with correct and clear contents and standardized binding. Special persons were designated to be responsible for the management of the documents.

【Rain Plan】In 2014, the province completed the trainings of 61200 poor labors, including skills trainings for 18,000 people, and provided jobs for 17200 people with the employment transfer rate up to 95.5%; organized agricultural technical trainings for 39400 people and entrepreneurship trainings for 2090 people; issued subsidies for 1760 higher and secondary vocational students and 228 people receiving other trainings, overfulfilled the annual training task. As a result, the per capita income of the participants of job skills training increased by 3520 yuan and the employment rate increased; and the per capita income of the participants of agricultural practical technical training increase by 630 yuan.

【Industry poverty alleviation】In 2014, the industrialization-oriented poverty alleviation focused on the construction of demonstration projects and Liaoning Province no longer directly subsidize the enterprises. The Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office and the Provincial Department of Finance jointly issued the“Guidance on the Construction of Demonstration Industrial Poverty Alleviation Projects in Liaoning Province”and determined to set up 25 demonstration bases in the key counties for poverty alleviation and development. Driven by the provincial poverty alleviation leading enterprises, the industry poverty alleviation demonstration projects were mainly implemented under the mechanism of“enterprise (cooperatives) + base + farmers”through order acquisition, protection price setting, labor participation and related services provision, aiming to lift the registered poor out of poverty. Liaoning Province arranged special anti-poverty funds of 25 million yuan, one million yuan per base, of which no less than 60% was used as subsidies to encourage the registered poor to participate in the industrialization bases’production projects of seed, seedling, breeding livestock, mushroom and chemical fertilizers, and the remaining were used to support the water supply, electricity and road projects in the industrial bases. 25 demonstration projects encouraged the participation of 26,000 poor households in the project construction. In addition, we newly identified 98 provincial poverty alleviation leading enterprises. The province has now a total of 323 provincial poverty alleviation leading enterprises and 23 national poverty alleviation leading enterprises.

【Fix-point poverty alleviation】In 2013, the provincial leading group of poverty alleviation and development and the provincial organs jointly rewarded 134 advanced units and 165 advanced individuals in the fixed-point poverty alleviation in 2013. The provincial, city and county governments designated a total of 2243 units to conduct fix-point poverty alleviation, dispatched 1791 village-stationed work teams to the poor villages, invested 1.18 billion yuan in fix-point poverty alleviation, introduced 380 million yuan and newly supported 1772 aid projects. 248 provincial fix-point poverty alleviation units supported 20 counties (cities, districts) and 245 towns, dispatched 206 village-stationed work teams to the poor villages, invested anti-poverty funds of 709 million yuan, introduced investment of 107 million yuan, newly constructed 227 poverty-relief projects, introduced 47 talents and subsidized 2542 needy students. 626 municipal fix-point poverty alleviation units dispatched 615 village-stationed work teams to the poor villages and invested anti-poverty funds of 317 million yuan. 1368 county fix-point poverty alleviation units dispatched 970 village-stationed work teams to the poor villages and invested anti-poverty funds of 154 million yuan. Shenyang, Dalian and Anshan actively provided counterpart support for Fuxin, Chaoyang and Tieling, organized 51 exchange visits, invested 30 million yuan of anti-poverty funds, guided the donation of 200,000 yuan, subsidized 134 needy students, held professional trainings for more than 70 rural labors and organized the exchange of ten cadres.

【Pilot project of village-level mutual funds】In 2014, Liaoning Province launched pilot projects of mutual funds in 959 poor villages, of which: 92 were national pilot villages and 867 were provincial pilot villages. 100,000 households joined the mutual funds, of which 75,000 were poor households, accounting for 75% of the total. Governments at and above provincial levelinvested nearly 280 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds, of which 15.5 million yuan were from the central government. The pilot villages set up anti-poverty mutual aid societies, and the executive body, organization and management system and operational safeguard measures have been basically improved.

(Ji Qing, Liaoning Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Jilin Province

【Overview】In 2014, Jilin Province thoroughly implemented the national poverty alleviation and development policies. In order to lift 300,000 rural poor people out of poverty, starting with six reforms, 8 key work and 70 major tasks, the local governments and relevant departments actively performed their duties, took practical and effective measures and went all out to carry out poverty reduction. The province invested 800 million yuan of special funds for poverty alleviation, continued to improve the infrastructure in poor areas, further enhanced the public services level and reduced the poor by 313,000 and overfulfilled the annual poverty reduction task, stepping on a new stage for poverty alleviation and development work.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Jilin Province arranged 138 million yuan of special funds for poverty alleviation, up 20% over 2013. The central government invested 693 million yuan, up 6.2%. The anti-poverty funds were mainly used to support the poor households. Local governments were required to establish the mechanism for village and household poverty reduction and no less than 70% of the special anti-poverty funds must be used to support industry development projects for the poor households. In 2014, 559 million yuan was used to support the industry development projects of poor households, accounting for 98% of the total. The province increased the proportion of special funds for contiguous destitute areas and key counties. In 2014, a total of 541 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds was used to support the contiguous destitute areas and key counties, accounting for 78%. The province increased investment in the contiguous destitute counties and districts and put in 263 million yuan in these areas, up 70%.

【Management of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Jilin Province strictly implemented the special account management and closed operation of financial anti-poverty funds, implemented the county-level reimbursement system for the management of financial anti-poverty funds to ensure reasonable, legal and safe use of the funds; improved the poverty alleviation project management system to ensure direct investment, management and accounting for specific projects; regulated the poverty-relief fund and project announcement system to receive mass and social supervision; carried out a series of inspection activities on the management of anti-poverty funds, issued the“Notice on the Inspection of the Management of Financial Anti-poverty Funds”and the“Circular on Strengthening the Management of Financial Anti-poverty Funds”, and conducted timely correction and treatment on the problems discovered in the inspection, such as delayed reimbursement, misuse, misappropriation and inefficient use of funds.

【Poverty alleviation mechanism reform】In 2014, Jilin Province focused on the accurate identification of the real poor, initially established the precise poverty alleviation mechanism, issued the work plan on record creation for the poor and the program to lift the masses out of poverty, forwarded the precise poverty alleviation plan issued by seven ministries and commissions, clarified the relevant standards, controlled the scale, confirmed the procedures and steadily pushed forward the poverty alleviation work; Under the principle of promoting steady development with little adjustment, maintained the reflected the continuity of poverty reduction and decomposed the targets to the relevant contiguous destitute areas, counties, villages and individuals. All the 15 counties in contiguous destitute areas, 1500 impoverished villages and 1.602 million poor households can all be found in the records. The province improved the poor county assessment methods. On the basis of the original county assessment method, jointly with the provincial financial department and the organization department of the provincial party committee, we promoted the reform of the assessment system for poor counties, highlighted scientific development, canceled and weakened the GDP and other economic index of key counties, and took the improvement of the living standards of the poor, the reduction of poverty-stricken people and the improvement of the production and living conditions in poor areas the main index for the assessment of the poverty reduction effects; reformed the financial anti-poverty funds management mechanism, linked the funds allocation with the poverty reduction work, took the lead to conduct performance evaluation in the contiguous destitute areas and invested 36 million yuan as performance bonus; accelerated decentralization, delegated the poverty-relief fund and project approval power to the county governments in principle; and improved the mechanism for cadres’counterpart support. The Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office and the Organization Department of the Provincial Party Committee jointly issued the Implementation Plan on Village-stationed Counterpart Support by Cadres, launched the village-stationed support work in 1500 impoverished villages, achieving the full coverage of poor villages. Jointly with the Organization Department of the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Department of Finance, we issued the Regulations on the Management of Village (Community)-stationed Cadres, and made clear provisions on the use and management of village-stationed cadres. A total of 315 million yuan was invested directly or indirectly in the village-stationed counterpart support and 698 projects were implemented; made innovations to the social participation mechanism. In conjunction with the 14 provincial departments, we issued the“Implementation Plan of Jilin Province on Making Innovations to the Social Participation Mechanism for Poverty Alleviation and Development”, extensively mobilized social forces to get involved in the poverty alleviation and development work; completed the recommendation of three advanced collectives and eight advanced individuals for national social poverty alleviation, made innovations to the financial service mechanism, established the coordination work team of financial services for poverty alleviation and development in poor areas and the economic and financial index monitoring system of contiguous destitute areas; formulated the plan to push forward the key work of financial poverty alleviation, achieved the full coverage of rural areas in financial services; established 40 rural banks and 661 small loan companies, established the real property financing agricultural development companies in 42 counties (cities) of the province, of which 26 issued 10500 loans of 482 million yuan for the farmers; made innovations to the financial service mode, actively promoted the pilot reform of loan mortgage by“six rights”in rural areas, and the loans under land revenue guarantee have been issued for a complete cycle, and a total of 206 loans of 19.561 million yuan expired.

【Industrial poverty alleviation】In 2014, Jilin Province issued the“Key Work of Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development in Jilin Province in 2014”, clarified eight key work and 50 specific tasks to be done by the relevant departments. The province expanded the student enrollment in poor areas by 200, invested 47.068 million yuan in the nutrition improvement of the rural students receiving compulsory education, improving the nutrition situation of 60,000 students in poor rural areas; invested 860 million yuan in the road construction in impoverished villages, newly built rural highroads of 880 km and five bridges of 268 linear meters; invested 1.097 billion yuan in the renovation of dilapidated houses for 26700 rural households, accounting for 178% of the annual task, overfulfilled the task of renovation of dilapidated houses for 15,000 households; addressed the drinking water safety problem of 190,000 rural residents; launched the construction of 331 standard village clinics in poor areas, constructed 24 small cultural squares for eight key counties, and completed the projection of 27900 films in 2319 poor villages, the broadcast and TV projects for 49,000 rural poor households living in remote areas, the digital CATV transformation projects for 380,000 rural households and the bookstore construction projects in 200 impoverished villages.

【Poverty alleviation in the contiguous destitute areas】In 2014, taking the poverty reduction planning and major poverty alleviation projects in contiguous destitute areas as the platform, Jilin Province integrated relevant resources to complete the construction of the Baicheng-Zhenlai section of the Nenjiang-Dandong Highway, which was later put into operation, invested 1.84 billion yuan in the construction of the Jingyu-Tonghua Highway, completed the construction of subgrade, bridges and tunnels, launched the terminal project of Baicheng Ping’an Airport, completed the supporting project; invested 104 million yuan in flood control, covering water delivery channel and embankment construction, building renovation and the reconstruction of Yanpu Flood Control Station, issued 180 million yuan for the river connection in the western destitute areas, launched some emergency projects and connected nearly 20 lakes; invested 392 million yuan in the poverty reduction in contiguous destitute areas, implemented 131 industrial projects, newly built and rebuilt 30 standardized livestock farms and promoted the construction of 30 agricultural industrialization projects.

【Entire Village Advancement】In 2014, Jilin Province delegated the power for anti-poverty fund and project approval to the city (prefecture) and county (city) governments, which could independently determine the specific poverty alleviation projects. Taking entire village advancement as the platform, increased efforts on resources integration, integrated a total of 770 million yuan to launch 104 infrastructure projects and 240 industrial projects, covering 288,000 rural residents, laying a solid foundation for accomplishing the annual poverty reduction targets.

【Industry poverty alleviation】In 2014, Jilin Province continued to establish the“112”industry poverty alleviation pattern, completed the preparation of the industry planning for contiguous destitute areas, improved the county-level industry development plans, strengthened the mechanism construction for village and household projects; increased investment in the 15 contiguous destitute counties, constructed ten poverty alleviation industry bases, 30 standardized livestock farms (communities), made progress in the construction of 30 technologypoverty alleviation projects of characteristic industries, promoted 40 transformed technological achievements and advanced technologies in impoverished regions, consolidated and newly created 3,000 model households in poverty alleviation by science and technology, benefiting 20,000 households, guided more than 100,000 poor people to shake off poverty relying on science and technology; organized eight key counties to apply for key villages of tourism-oriented poverty alleviation and recommended 80 poor villages to the central government.

【Rain Plan】Combined with the Sunshine Project and Spring Breeze Action, the province allowed more junior and senior high school graduates from needy families to take part in the labor transfer trainings, enjoy more preferential policies and receive more subsidies. All the subsidies for 1500 poor students in the pilot area of Rain Plan in the academic year of 2013-2014 were issued to the students. In 2014, the province invested 9.76 million yuan in labor transfer training for the poor, held trainings for 21,000 poor young and middle-aged people, of whom 19,000 achieved stable employment, accounting for 90.5%, and got income of more than 3500 yuan per capita. Zhenlai County organized the pilot informationization reform of the Rain Plan, and issued 1.26 million yuan of student-aid funds to the needy students through online declaration, review, verification and approval, benefiting 840 junior and senior high school graduates from needy families.

【Microfinance】Jilin Province promoted the provincial agricultural banks, agricultural development banks, rural credit cooperatives, rural banks and other agriculture-related financial institutions to formulate preferential measures and lower the threshold to support microfinance for farmers and poor rural households. In 2014, the province organized 550 poor villages to launch pilot project of mutual funds, arranged 5.2 million yuan of small loan discount funds to expand the scale of poverty-relief discount loans for the poor and guided the issuance of 1.52 billion yuan of discount loans to support the development of characteristic farming of 11300 rural households.

【Food for work】In 2014, Jilin Province issued 239 million yuan of food-for-work funds, of which 175 million yuan was from the central government and 64.08 million yuan was provincial matching funds. The province arranged 211 food-for-work projects in the impoverished villages, increased and improved irrigated area of 200,000 mu, rebuilt rural roads of 295.4 km., five bridges of 298 linear meters, and completed the governance of water and soil erosion area of 172.67 square km.

【Fix-point poverty alleviation】In 2014, seven central enterprises in Jilin Province provided counterpart support for eight national key counties for poverty alleviation and development, invested 138 million yuan of relief funds to implement 21 aid projects and sent five cadres to the poor areas. 205 enterprises directly under the provincial government directly put in 137 million yuan of relief funds to help introduce 240 million yuan of various funds, implemented 257 aid projects and helped introduce 65 technologies.

【Poverty alleviation publicity】To implement the spirit of the national work conference on poverty alleviation publicity and promote the poverty alleviation publicity work, Jilin Province formulated and issued the work program on poverty alleviation publicity, issued the circular on promoting the poverty alleviation publicity work in 2014 and published a total of 426 articled on poverty reduction in the major central media.

【Legal system construction for poverty alleviation】In cooperation with the Provincial Legislative Affairs Office, we organized relevant legal experts to revise the poverty alleviation regulations, held the legal expert meeting, solicited the opinions of relevant departments and all circles of society on the“Regulations on Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development in Jilin Province”and completed the revision work.

【Poverty alleviation day activity】In 2014, China established the first“Poverty Alleviation Day”. The provincial party secretary Bayin Chaolu and governor Jiang Chaoliang carried out field research on poverty reduction in the impoverished regions on the Poverty Alleviation Day.“Jilin Daily”reported the poverty alleviation and development work. Jilin TV established the poverty alleviation and development publicity week and the provincial charity society set up the poverty reduction donation account. The province organized five categories of 15 events, received donations of 190 million yuan and organized 5743 people to participate in the national teleconference on social poverty alleviation. A total of six enterprises were titled“Advanced Collectives for National Social Poverty Alleviation and 7 people were titled as Advanced Individuals for National Social Poverty Alleviation, praised by the government.

(Chen Jiansheng, Poverty Alleviation Department,

Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in

Heilongjiang Province

【Overview】In 2014, Heilongjiang Province continued to consolidate its leading role in poverty alleviation, guided the industrial sectors and social forces to increase inputs in the impoverished areas and poor households, made innovations to the poverty alleviation and development mechanism, implemented the precise poverty alleviation, and established the precise poverty alleviation mechanism integrating special poverty alleviation, industrial poverty alleviation and social poverty alleviation. Throughout the year, the province completed the entire village advancement of 434 impoverished villages, the training of 296,000 poor labors, the renovation of dilapidated houses for 78,000 rural residents, the drinking water safety, transportation, education, health and cultural projects for 1.5 million rural residents and reduced the poor by 361,000. As a result, the rural per capita net income of poor areas reached 7714 yuan, with growth rate 1.6 percentage points above the provincial average.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2013, a total of 914 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds was issued for Heilongjiang Province, of which 807 million yuan was issued by the central government, 107 million yuan was provincial matching funds. These funds are mainly issued to support the industry poverty alleviation, infrastructure construction in poor villages, Rain Plan, construction of old revolutionary base areas, pilot projects mutual funds and the pilot project of poverty reduction relying on new agricultural businesses.

【Management of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Heilongjiang Province established the lifelong accountability system for the illegal use of poverty-relief funds and the management of poverty alleviation projects; delegated the poverty-relief project approval power to the county government, established the county-level poverty alleviation project database, strengthened the responsibility of local governments for project implementation; improved the fund and project announcement and publicity system, strengthened social supervision, andclarified the responsibilities of provincial and city governments for the supervision of anti-poverty funds and projects. In order to strengthen the supervision of funds for poverty alleviation, improve the efficiency of funds and ensure good management of poverty-relief funds by local governments, the province issued the“Circular on Effectively Strengthening the Management of Financial Anti-poverty Funds and Projects”and the“Circular on Self-inspection in the Supervision of Poverty-relief Funds and Projects”. On the basis of the self-inspection of relevant counties (cities, districts), through service purchase of governments, we introduced the pattern of third party participation and invited an accounting form to audit the anti-poverty fund use of six counties in the recent three years and urged the correction and rectification of relevant problems such as delay of fund allocation and accounting irregularities.

【Poverty alleviation in the contiguous destitute areas】In 2014, in accordance with the regional development and poverty alleviation plan of contiguous destitute areas and the industry poverty alleviation planning, focusing on the production development, agricultural facilities, infrastructure, ecological construction, environmental protection and social undertakings development, Heilongjiang Province integrated a total of 23.15 billion yuan of special anti-poverty funds and industrial poverty relief funds, accounting for 58.2% of the total, made new deployments on the project construction in destitute areas and listed 192 projects with investment of 18.42 billion yuan into the national poverty-relief projects. Meanwhile, the provincial department of finance, Development and Reform Commission, transportation, water conservancy, agriculture, education, culture and health and family planning department respectively formulated preferential policies for the contiguous destitute areas combined with the national policies and the functions of their respective industry.

【Entire Village Advancement】In 2014, taking infrastructure construction and industrial development as the basic projects to lift poor areas out of poverty, Heilongjiang Province increased efforts on the integration of poverty alleviation resources, invested special poverty relief funds of 868 million yuan in total and completed the poverty reduction task in three batches of impoverished villages, with investment per village up to 2 million yuan, directly benefiting 75,000 poor households. Newly built village cement roads of 780.2 km, farmland roads of 476.6 km, 45 farmland bridges, farmland irrigation and water drainage canals of 233 km, 65 km of embankments, 2210 sluice gates and 250 drought-resisting wells on the farmland; purchased 1735 basic cows and beef cattle, 1500 basic ewes and 1813 basic sows, constructed 1435 greenhouses, 91 cultural and sports squares and 119 drinking water wells for villagers and livestock, installed tap water pipelines for 9540 poor households, transformed the thatched cottages for 329 poor households, newly built village roadside ditches of 251 km and installed fences of 124 km and 3507 street lamps.

【Industry poverty alleviation】In 2014, focusing on the development of“two cows and one pig”and characteristic planting and breeding industries, under the principle of“centralized inputs, contiguous development and participation of poor households”, Heilongjiang Province issued a total of 193 million yuan of special anti-poverty funds to support the development of people-enriching industries in 62 impoverished villages of 21 poor counties; constructed 889 mushroom and vegetable greenhouses, 3,000 mu of featured vegetable bases and 35 cattle / sheep sheds of 38,000 square meters; purchased 2700 basic cows and sheep, constructed silage pits of 19400 square meters and workshops of 16,000 square meters, and purchased 168 sets of agricultural machinery, directly benefiting 14600 poor households and 51100 people.

【Rain Plan】In 2014, Heilongjiang Province issued a total of 11.376 million yuan of special anti-poverty funds for the training of 296,000 labors from needy families and the labor transfer of 254,000 people, achieving labor income of 4 billion yuan; Subsidized 10,000 junior and senior high school graduates from needy families to receive higher and secondary vocational education, and sent 30 outstanding junior high school graduates from needy families to receive free senior high school and college education in Guangdong Memorial Middle School.

【Pilot projects of poverty alleviation】In 2014, based on the pilot reform of modern comprehensive agricultural supporting in Sanjiang Plain and Songnen Plain, Heilongjiang Province launched two pilot projects: First, pilot project of poverty reduction relying on the new type agricultural businesses: Invested 50 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds, in accordance with the requirements of“industry development relying on businesses and entire township advancement to promote the county’s poverty reduction, implemented entire township advancement projects in five counties and 14 towns relying on 15 modern agricultural machinery cooperatives, encouraging the development of joint-stock agricultural and industrialization operation by 25 poor villages, more than 10,000 poor households and more than 30,000 poor people. The property rights of the fixed assets constructed with financial anti-poverty funds belonged to the poor households and were distributed to the households in the form of shares. Poor households were distributed some earnings of the poverty alleviation assets of the new agricultural businesses, which not only addressed the long-term development problem of the poor, but also safeguarded the rights and interests of the poor, achieving precise poverty reduction. Second, pilot project of poverty-relief mutual funds: 30 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds were issued. According to the principle of“mass participation, democratic management, mutual cooperation, security guarantee, continuous use and rolling development”, the province implemented the pilot projects in 60 impoverished villages of three counties including Suibin County, increasing the total mutual funds of the province to 144 million yuan. As a result, 43 counties and 316 poor villages had got mutual-aid organizations. The mutual funds issued loans of no more than 10,000 yuan per household and alleviated the fund shortage of 14400 poor households for production development.

【Construction of old revolutionary base areas】In 2014, Heilongjiang Province invested 70 million yuan in the construction of old revolutionary base areas. Among that, 10 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds was invested to implement small emergency projects in 20 old revolutionary base counties and 23 old revolutionary base villages to improve the production and living conditions of the masses, directly benefiting 2395 poor households; 60 million yuan of central lottery funds was invested to support the production and infrastructure construction in 32 old revolutionary base villages of six poor old revolutionary base counties such as Tongjiang County and Baiquan County, benefiting 15,000 impoverished households and 45,000 poor people. Meanwhile, the province completed the construction of central lottery fund projects in 30 poor villages of three old revolutionary base counties, namely Huanan county, Huachuan County and Tangyuan County, constructed 41 projects, including village cement roads of 82.12 km, 145 culverts, bleachery of 5,000 square meters, warehouses of 3,000 square meters, three cultural squares, etc., benefiting 13,000 poor households and 42,000 people. Through the construction of old revolutionary base areas, the appearance of the poor areas was significantly improved.

【Convergence of the two systems】In 2014, Heilongjiang Province implemented the policy of“stabilizing growth, promoting reform, adjusting the structure and improving people’s livelihood”of the State Council, promulgated and issued the“Guidance on the Convergence between the Ruban and Rural Minimum Living Security System and the Urban Employment and Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development Policies”, on the basis of promoting the effective convergence between the procedures for the identification of objects of the minimum living security system and objects of poverty reduction, and clarifying the procedures for identifying the objects of the minimum living security system, established the mechanism for the convergence of six policies, namely the production assistance, education-oriented poverty alleviation, financial poverty alleviation, cultural development-oriented poverty alleviation, housing construction-oriented poverty alleviation and medical poverty alleviation, strived to enhance the social security levels of urban and rural poor people, increased the living allowance for the objects of the urban minimum living security system from 376 yuan per person per month to 440 yuan per person per month and raised the financial subsidy standard from 282 yuan per person per month to 297 yuan per person per month; Increased the living allowance for the objects of the rural minimum living security system from 2181 yuan per person per year to 2700 yuan per person per year and raised the financial subsidy standard from 1483 yuan per person per year to 1627 yuan per person per year. The urban and rural living security standards respectively rose by 17% and 24%. Meanwhile, the province raised the centralized support standard for the objects of the rural five-guarantee system from 3648 yuan per person per year to 5400 yuan per person per year and the scattered support standard from 2644 yuan per person per year to 3800 yuan per person per year, respectively up 48% and 44%, benefiting 2.68 million urban and rural poor residents.

【Fix-point poverty alleviation】In 2014, in accordance with the requirements of“establishing the provincial, city and county fixed-point poverty alleviation systems with joint efforts of the party committees and governments”, Heilongjiang Province established the fix-point poverty alleviation mechanism characterized by the combination of party construction and poverty reduction and the combination of special poverty alleviation and social poverty alleviation; coordinated ten central organs and enterprises including the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation of China, China Mobile and China Ordnance Equipment Group Corporation to provide counterpart support for 14 national poor counties, designated eight units to send cadres to the poor counties, directly invested 21.213 million yuan in kind and cash, and helped introduce the investment of 171 million yuan and 63 projects. The provincial government held a teleconference on village-stationed poverty alleviation and made deployments on the fix-point poverty alleviation by party and government departments at all levels, NGOs, public institutions and armed forces. The provincial, city and county governments established a total of 2125 village-stationed poverty alleviation work teams, sent 7542 poverty-relief cadres to the poor villages and put in a total of nearly 300 million yuan of funds to help poor villages construct 636 projects and design 1040 projects.

【Social poverty alleviation】In 2014, taking the opportunity of the first“Poverty Alleviation Day”, Heilongjiang Province organized 253 enterprises, 568 social organizations and 1459 people from all circles of society to help the poor in impoverished regions, invested a total of 61.968 million yuan in cash and 30.027 million yuan in kind, helped introduced 135 million yuan of investment, supported the construction of 229 projects, and subsidized 11900 poor households and 7265 needy students. By making propagandas on the participation of enterprises and all circle of society in the poverty alleviation in various media at all levels, the province created a strong atmosphere for social poverty alleviation.

【Poverty alleviation mechanism reform】In 2014, based on the actual situation, Heilongjiang Provincial Party Committee and government organized relevant people to carry out field research in the impoverished regions and visit the poor households, explored the characteristics and laws of the development of rural poor areas, focusing on the“improvement of five mechanisms and promoting the implementation of ten key tasks and eight safeguard measures”, formulated the“Implementation Opinions on Mechanism Innovations to Steadily Promote Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development”, divided the relevant responsibilities and targets, clarified the special projects, industries and social poverty alleviation responsibilities, carried out reform and innovations to the poverty alleviation mechanism and management mechanism, and required to improve the mechanism for cooperative poverty alleviation and work management. As for the management mechanism, the province decomposed the task of poverty alleviation to the county governments, issued the poverty-relief funds to the county government, delegated the project approval power to the county government, and assigned the target implementation responsibility to the county government. The relevant departments all promoted the poverty alleviation work in strict accordance with the division of labor and the principle of close cooperation. 22 provincial departments including the Organization Department of the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Department of Finance, mass organizations and financial departments as well as the army and armed forces proposed 72 industrial poverty alleviation measures, combined with the party’s mass line educational practice, made a public commitment to society through the Heilongjiang Daily that they would accept social supervision. The Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office, the Organization Department of the Provincial Party Committee, the labor union of the institutions directly under the provincial government, the provincial department of finance, the provincial department of human resources and social security, the provincial department of civil affairs and the provincial agricultural commission jointly issued six policy documents, including the“Work Program on Strengthening Grassroots Organization Construction and Village-stationed Poverty Alleviation in Impoverished Regions”and the“Guidance on Convergence between Urban and Rural Minimum Living Security Systems and Urban Employment and Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development Policies”, providing a scientific basis for steadily promoting the anti-poverty work.

（Xia Yuguang, General Office of Heilongjiang Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Jiangsu Province

【Overview】In 2014, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping paid a visit to Jiangsu Province, delivered an important speech and put forward new requirements on the poverty alleviation and development work in Jiangsu Province. 2014 is a key year for the poverty reduction and construction of a well-off society in Jiangsu Province. The provincial party committee and provincial government attached great importance to the construction of a well-off society. Provincial Party Secretary Luo Zhijun and provincial governor Li Xueyong carried out field research in the key counties, key contiguous destitute areas and old revolutionary base areas, visited the poor and made deployments and put forward requirements on the anti-poverty work in key moments. On February 11, the provincial Party committee and provincial government held in Nanjing the provincial work conference on poverty alleviation and development. Based on the actual situation of Jiangsu Province, the General Office of the Provincial Party Committee and the General Office of the Provincial Government issued the“Opinions on Making Further Innovations to the Poverty Alleviation and Development Mechanism”(Su Ban Fa [2014] No. 14) and put forward 22 guiding opinions to promote the innovations in poverty alleviation and development mechanisms in the province. In October, the provincial leading group of poverty alleviation issued the“Guidance on Organizing Private Enterprises to Contact Poor Villages to Steadily Promote Social Poverty Alleviation”(Su Fu [2014] No.7) and proposed guiding opinions on the participation of private enterprises and other social forces in the“five-party linkage”poverty reduction. Various departments at all levels actively fulfilled their responsibilities, strengthened precise poverty alleviation and counterpart support and comprehensively implemented the relevant measures. In 2014, a total of 1.038 million low-income rural people shook off poverty and 548 economically weak villages achieved the goal of“eight possessions”(“double strong”leading groups supported by the masses, scientific development planning, high-yielding efficient agricultural facilities, leading industries with distinct features, sustained and stable collective income, sophisticated practical information network, good village civilization and clean living environment).

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, the provincial, city and county governments continued to increase investment in poverty alleviation and development. The provincial government arranged 1.325 billion yuan of anti-poverty funds, with an increase of 119 million yuan compared to 2013, among which 716 million yuan was issued as rewards and subsidies for the construction of a well-off society, 300 million yuan was issued as subsidies for key projects in contiguous destitute areas and 79.8 million yuan was issued for the development of poor villages. According to statistics, the city, county and district governments issued 774 million yuan of special anti-poverty funds, with an increase of 95.78 million yuan. The local governments continued to increase poverty-relief small loans, and a total of 4.4 billion yuan of small loans were issued in the whole year, directly benefiting 373,000 low-income rural households.

【Management of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Jiangsu Province comprehensively implemented the policy of direct investment in poor households, delegated the subsidy project approval power to the county government and, under the principle of“project construction according to planning, fund allocation for specific projects and strict supervision on fund use”, comprehensively implemented the poverty alleviation project and fund announcement system. In order to further strengthen the use and management of anti-poverty funds, the provincial financial department and the provincial Poverty Alleviation Office formulated and issued a series of policies on anti-poverty funds use and management, held poverty alleviation training courses and organized business training on anti-poverty funds management for the backbone leaders in the field of poverty reduction in 22 counties (cities, districts). In October, Nanjing Office of the State Auditing Administration audited the implementation of the policies on stabilizing growth, promoting reform and structural adjustment to benefit the people in Jiangsu Province, according to the requirements for precise poverty alleviation, focused on the audit of the use and management of 2013-2014 financial anti-poverty funds by the provincial poverty alleviation office and four counties (cities), namely Siyang County, Sihong County, Suining City and Jurong County, and did not find any violations of rules and regulations.

【Infrastructure construction】In 2014, Jiangsu Province formulated the opinions on the poverty reduction in six key contiguous destitute areas, determined three new policies-key project construction in the contiguous destitute areas, allocation of development funds for economically weak villages and enhancing the reward and subsidy standards for low-income population, and allocated 890 million yuan of special funds for poverty alleviation. With joint efforts from all parties, among the 1269 aid projects (234 infrastructure projects, 554 industry development projects and 479 livelihood projects) covered by the planning in six key contiguous destitute areas, 1181 projects were launched, accounting for 93.1% of the total, and a total of 35.38 billion yuan was put in.

【Entire Village Advancement】In 2014, Jiangsu Province integrated the project funds issued by the departments of transport, water conservancy, agriculture, land and resource and social forces to promote the entire village advancement of economically weak villages and help poor villages develop resources development projects or property projects, creating a new source of stable collective income. In order to strengthen the construction of the party organizations and“double strong”village cadres, the Organization Department of the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office jointly launched the training on poverty alleviation and development by party secretaries of economically weak villages. The provincial demonstration training class organized trainings for 159 party secretaries of economically weak villages, encouraged local governments to hold the relevant trainings to improve the working ability of the village party secretaries and promote the village construction to enrich people. A total of 1533 party secretaries of economically weak villages attended the training. The provincial party committee organized 100 new rural construction demonstration and model villages in South Jiangsu to provide pairing-off support for the economically weak villages in the northern regions of the province, achieving the full coverage of economically weak villages and“five-linkage”units (the linkage between provincial authorities, universities or research institutes, large state-owned enterprises, relatively developed counties, cities and districts in South Jiangsu and the economically weak counties and districts in North Jiangsu); promoted the main leaders of 22 counties (cities, districts) in North Jiangsu to be linked with 44 economically weak villages. 3.02 million yuan was issued averagely to each of the villages and 1.09 million yuan was invested in industry projects.

【Fix-point poverty alleviation】In 2014, Jiangsu Province organized the provincial departments and enterprises, the cities, counties and universities in South Jiangsu to provide“five-party linkage”counterpart support for the poverty reduction in 19 economically weak counties (cities, districts) in North Jiangsu. 247 provincial units participated in the fixed-point poverty alleviation and 3.03 billion yuan of special funds was issued for poverty alleviation, of which 260 million yuan was raised by the relevant units and 2.77 billion yuan was issued after careful coordination; 961 aid projects were implemented, including 793 village projects; on-site office services were provided for 4232 people, including 741 department / bureau leaders.

【Construction of old revolutionary base areas】In 2014, Jiangsu Province issued the“Opinions on the Implementation of the People-enriching and Village Development Action Plan in Maoshan Old Revolutionary Base Area of Huangqiao”(Su Zheng Ban Fa [2014] No.91), determined to support the low-income rural households and economically weak villages in the 1144 administrative villages of 63 towns in 14 counties (cities, districts) of Maoshan Old Revolutionary Base Area, striving to enhance the strength of the village economy, focusing on supporting the families of revolutionary martyrs and servicemen and old party members. Poverty alleviation departments were responsible for strengthening the project management, project publicity, organization and implementation, tracking management, examination and acceptance; while the financial departments were responsible for strengthening fund management and earmarking a fund for its specific purpose only.

【Poverty alleviation publicity】In 2014, Jiangsu Province made propagandas on publicizing the effects of special poverty alleviation, industrial poverty alleviation and social poverty alleviation and focused on the construction of four publicity platforms: First, construction of the“Jiangsu Poverty Alleviation Network”: delivered more than 3200 pieces of information, including 515 pieces of provincial information, 853 pieces of city work team information and 516 pieces of city and county information, with a total of 285,000 visits; and created the column of“Poverty Alleviation Day”; Second, promoting the development of“Jiangsu Poverty Alleviation Briefing”: issued a total of 85 briefings and 15“Special News”; Third, promoting the development of the internal journal of“Poverty Alleviation and Development in Jiangsu Province”: Published six journals, 113 articles of 430,000 characters; Fourth, promoting the development of micro-channel public platform of“Poverty Alleviation in Jiangsu”: developed and issued 154 pieces of information and 592 short messages. On the national work conference on poverty alleviation held on April 25, 2014, Jiangsu Province was titled as“Advanced Province for Poverty Alleviation Publicity”. In 2014, the central and provincial major media published 547 articles to report the poverty alleviation in Jiangsu, of which 104 were printed in“People’s Daily”, 178 were reported by the Xinhua News Agency, 193 by Farmers’Daily, 9 by LGOP website, 41 by the website of International Poverty Reduction Center in China (IPRCC) and 11 by CCTV News.

【Poverty alleviation day activity】In 2014, China set up the first“Poverty Alleviation Day”and Jiangsu Province determined the publicity topic of“Inviting You to Help the Poor”for the first“Poverty Alleviation Day”. The topic of the public service advertisement was“caring for poor old people. Today, we are all your children”. 200,000 pieces of propaganda posters were issued on the“Poverty Alleviation Day”. On October 15, the provincial government held a press conference, introduced the results of the province’s poverty alleviation and development work and the arrangements on the activities on the“Poverty Alleviation Day”, and interpreted the“Guidance on Organizing Private Enterprises to Contact Poor Villages to Steadily Promote Social Poverty Alleviation”(Su Fu [2014] No.7). On October 17, the national teleconference on social poverty alleviation was convened. The provincial government held the provincial teleconference on social poverty alleviation. Xu Ming, Vice Governor and Member of Standing Committee of the provincial party committee made deployments on how to implement the spirit of the national work conference and steadily push forward the social poverty alleviation work in Jiangsu Province. The provincial poverty alleviation office, the provincial chamber of commerce and industry, and the provincial economic and information commission invited the private enterprises and mobilized 100 private enterprises, 30 outstanding private enterprisers and 607 agricultural leading enterprises to participate in poverty alleviation and development and carry out village-enterprise counterpart support activities. During the“Poverty Alleviation Day”activities, the relevant departments at all levels and the village-stationed work teams carried out a series of warmth-delivery activities and a total of nearly 284 million yuan was donated for poverty reduction in the whole province.

(Zhu Hao, Jiangsu Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Zhejiang Province

【Overview】2014 is a key year for Zhejiang Province to further promote the implementation of a new round of poverty alleviation and development and an important year for the province to implement the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC and the Fifth Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee of the CPC. Under the correct leadership of LGOP and the provincial Party committee and provincial government, Zhejiang Province earnestly implemented the spirit of the“Opinions on Mechanism Innovations to Steadily Promote Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development”and the national work conference on poverty alleviation and development, organized the implementation of the“Low-income Farmers’Income Doubling Plan”, the“Shanhai Collaboration”and the project of“Special Support for Underdeveloped Counties”, boosting the economic and social development of underdeveloped areas and increase the income of the low-income rural households. In 2014, the province’s rural per capita disposable income was 19400 yuan, up 10.7%, ranking first for 30 consecutive year in the country; the urban and rural income ratio declined from 2.49∶1 in 2007 to 2.09∶1, and the relative gap was further narrowed. The per capita net income of 1.38 million low-income rural households reached 7251 yuan, up

17.4%.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Zhejiang Province issued financial anti-poverty funds of 579 million yuan (not including functional poverty-relief funds) for low-income rural households to become rich, of which 420 million yuan was used as subsidies for off-site relocation projects, 120 million yuan was used to support the development of low-income rural households (including the funds to support industrial development, mutual funds of the villages concentrated with low-income groups, discount funds for microcredit and processing with supplied materials and work-for-relief program), 25 million yuan was for development funds for minorities and 13.67 million yuan was other funds. In addition, the provincial government also arranged 1.68 billion yuan of special funds for 12 key underdeveloped counties to implement poverty alleviation, industrial development and public service projects.

【Management of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Zhejiang Province continued to promote the transparent supervision of the management of poverty-relief funds, was strict in project approval and fund use, strived to achieve find project management, digital project declaration, scientific allocation of funds and transparent use of funds. We actively improved the management approach and promoted the improvement of the poverty-relief fund regulations, the standardization of the procedures and the improvement of the relevant mechanism; continued to improve the factors distribution method, increased the proportion of work effectiveness, increased three sub-factors—assessment of anti-poverty work, implementation of development fund projects of low-income rural households and the management of anti-poverty projects and explored the competitive allocation of funds through substituting subsidies with rewards. Meanwhile, listed effective funds separately and gave local governments more autonomy for financing direction within the framework of the program. Strengthened financial supervision, commissioned accounting firm to send nine groups to carry out inspection on the use and management of anti-poverty funds issued by the central, provincial, municipal and county government, entrusted central agencies to conduct assessment of results of the projects substituting subsidies with rewards in the field of processing with supplied materials in the province, and organized provincial financial departments, land resources departments and agricultural departments to carry out annual performance evaluation on the special projects supported by government in 2013.

【Two safeguard systems】In 2014, Zhejiang Province had a total of 605100 registered objects of the minimum living security systems (including objects of the five-guarantee system), of which 64400 were objects of the urban minimum living security system who received living allowance of 587 yuan per person per month (7044 yuan per year), up 11.6%, and 540700 were objects of the rural minimum living security system who received living allowance of 487 yuan per person per month (7584 yuan per year), up 20%. Hangzhou, Ningbo and Jiaxing City implemented the same living allowance standards for the objects of urban and rural minimum living security systems. 28 counties (cities, districts) including Deqing County, Yuhuan County and Yunhe County also implemented the same standards for urban and rural areas. In 2014, the province spent 1.78 billion yuan on rural living allowances. The minimum standard of basic old-age pension of urban and rural residents was 100 yuan. A total of 13.4213 million urban and rural residents participated in the social pension insurance, including 5.8014 million over 60 years old received pension benefits. In 2014, 495100 people newly participated in the insurance system. 4.6565 million landless farmers were covered by the retirement pension system, including 2.5703 million receiving the basic living allowance and 2.0862 million covered by the basic pension insurance for workers. The basic living allowance of the landless farmers reached 526 yuan per month. A total of 457 million yuan was invested throughout the year. 37,000 beds were added for the nursing institutions for the aged and 8147 community home care service centers were set up in 2014, and the total number of community home care service centers reached 131 million; 249 home care service stations were constructed and the total number of such stations reached 164 million. Basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents covered 32.51 million people with a participation rate of 95%, and the financing standard is 661 yuan, including 462 yuan of financial subsidy, and the hospitalization reimbursement rate reached 65%. The province’s expenditure on medical aid was 980 million yuan, with an increase of 110 million yuan compared to 2013, benefiting 1.8 million people.

【Record creation for the poor】In 2014, Zhejiang Province identified a total of 1.3402 million low-income rural households and 3.188 million poor people according to the provincial poverty standard (4600 yuan in 2010), including 206,000 low-income rural households and 412,000 poor people identified under the national poverty line (2300 yuan in 2010).

【Projects for special support】In 2014, to increase farmers’income, enhance the living standards of people and strengthen the endogenous function, the province continued to implement the new round of special support program (2014-2016). The provincial government arranged special funds of 5.04 billion yuan to encourage a total investment of 12.64 billion yuan; supported 19 kinds of 458 projects in three categories—poverty alleviation and development, industry development and public services, including 430 required projects and 18 alternative projects. In 2014, 432 projects were designed for 12 counties with a total investment of 4 billion yuan. The provincial government issued special funds of 1.781 billion yuan. As of the end of November, 2.98 billion yuan had been invested in the 12 counties, accounting for 74% of the total.

【Industry poverty alleviation】In 2014, Zhejiang Province supported the development of agricultural industry, processing with supplied materials and rural tourism and actively promoted local employment and labor transfer for income growth. The province identified 49 provincial modern agricultural zones in underdeveloped areas, increased 1682 farmers’cooperatives and actively constructed demonstration counties and zones for provincial eco-agriculture, accounting for 48% of the first batch of demonstration zones. 1.05 million people in the underdeveloped regions engaged in processing with supplied materials and achieved processing fees of 9.5 billion yuan, with per capita processing fee of more than 8,000 yuan, and the processing business covered more than 90% of the communities for relocation and key villages for poverty reduction; rural labor trainings were organized for 520,000 persons (including rural practical talent training for 140,000 persons), of whom 144,000 people achieved labor transfer after training. In 2014, the province had a total of 856 rural tourism villages, up 9.1%; 2336 rural tourism points, down 3.6%; 10300 tables, down 1.4%; 180,000 beds, up 8.8%; involving 14500 rural households, up 8.3%; 138,000 employees, up 6.7%, and received 175 million tourists, up 25.1%, with direct operating income of 17.536 billion yuan, up 27.6%, including direct business income of 14.105 billion yuan, up 26.00% and tourists’shopping income of 3.431 billion yuan.

【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】Taking counties, central towns and villages as the platform for population and industry congregation, combined with village governance, rural house renovation and land management, in 2014, the province vigorously promoted the ex-situ relocation for the masses in remote and high mountain areas to go downhill, the masses in key reservoir areas to move out, the masses in the regions with hidden danger of geological disasters to move to safe regions and the masses on remote islands to move out, focusing on pushing forward the flow of population towards the city. In 2014, the underdeveloped regions and island counties and districts moved out 61200 people with an investment of 3.3 billion yuan.

【Industrial poverty alleviation】In 2014, giving full play to the leading role of national community education experimental zone and demonstration zone, through counterpart support, Zhejiang Provincesupported underdeveloped regions to improve the level of community education. In 2014, the proportion of pre-school education was 89.99%, up 2.88 percentage points, the completion rate of compulsory education was 94.49%, up 0.01 percentage points, the high school enrollment rate was 98.7%, up 4.2 percentage points, the penetration rate of 15-year basic education was 98.4%, and the proportion of standardized primary and secondary schools was 72.4%. In rural compulsory education stage, the public funding criteria for primary school and junior middle school was respectively 650 yuan per student per year and 850 yuan per student per year, the nutritional meal standard for rural primary students from low-income families was 1,000 yuan per capita per year, benefiting 7% of the students at the compulsory education stage. The number of migrant children at the compulsory education stage reached 1.439 million, up 2.9% and 96% of the primary and secondary school students went to school by school bus. There were a total of 48 higher vocational schools (including those under construction) and 375 secondary vocational schools (including 71 technical schools) in the province. The vocational schools and adult technical schools held rural labor trainings for more than 10.24 million person-times per year; 100,000 people received adult“double certificate”education and training and 92,000 people graduated. 35,000 college and vocational school students majored in agriculture-related specialties were arranged to study policies.

Each of the counties (cities) in the province has at least one GradeⅡ first class hospital, and 98% of the township hospitals (community health service centers) were constructed under the unified standard, and a“20-minute medical service circle”was basically set up. Three doctors and 2.99 nurses could be provided for every thousand people on average, up 4.84% and 8.61% respectively; the average bed number of each medical agency with one 1,000 employees was 5.06, up 6.02%. A total of 1742 rural cultural halls were newly built, and the total number of rural cultural halls reached 3447. The village-level cultural rooms’coverage rate reached 99.5%. 18,000 films, 2.14 million books and 5837 seminars were delivered to the countryside and 1102 cultural activities were carried out.

【Shanhai collaboration】In 2014, Zhejiang Province continued to implement the“Shanhai Collaboration Project·Economic Development Plan for One Hundred Villages”and the“Returning of Non-local Businesses of Zhejiang·Participation in the New Rural Construction”, established the counterpart support mechanism, guided developed regions and the non-local businesses of Zhejiang to contact Quzhou and Lishui for cooperation in the field of people’s livelihood, environmental protection and tourism, helped the low-income farmers in Quzhou and Lishui to develop characteristic planting, processing with supplied materials, rural leisure tourism, etc. The province newly signed 431 new rural construction and income-growth projects with investment of 137 million yuan. The developed cities provided training funds of 10 million yuan for the labor trainings of Shanhai collaboration, organized labor trainings for 73,000 person-times in Quzhou and Lishui, and organized the enterprises in underdeveloped regions to record sales revenue of 3.65 billion yuan.

【East-west pairing-off poverty alleviation】In 2014, Zhejiang Province steadily pushed forward the east-west pairing-off poverty alleviation, provided counterpart support for 14 counties of two prefectures in the Tibetan areas of Sichuan with 150 million yuan of relief funds. Hangzhou and Ningbo City were respectively designated to provide counterpart support for Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture and Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province, and respectively issued 30-50 million yuan of aid funds. Meanwhile, to provide counterpart support for Qingchuan County of Sichuan Province, the government allocated 10 million yuan of aid funds to support the post-disaster reconstruction every year and continued for ten years.

【Financial poverty alleviation】Zhejiang Province further promoted the poverty alleviation microfinance, actively implemented pilot projects of village mutual funds and issued the national poverty-relief discount loans to effectively promote the income growth of the low-income rural households and the farmers’organization, agricultural industrialization and democratic management. In 2014, the province issued one billion yuan of poverty-relief loans, completed the establishment of 727 poverty-relief mutual funds with 222 million yuan of equity capital and issued loans of 350 million yuan for 29,000 rural households, of which 145 million yuan was issued to 10700 low-income rural households, and the bad debt rate was zero. The balance of forestry rights mortgage loans of the province was 7.4 billion yuan, of which most was for the underdeveloped regions.

【Pairing-off poverty alleviation】In accordance with the requirements of“Once Program and One Unit for One Village”and“One Strategy and One Cadre for One Household”, 29 provincial aid groups and city / county aid groups further promoted the pairing-off poverty reduction. Formulated the program on the establishment of technological aid groups and health aid groups in 29 counties; implemented the convergence between rural work instructor system and pairing-off poverty reduction system, sent the 9th batch of provincial instructors to work in the towns with key poor villages and arranged their work according to the principal of“guiding a number of villages with one as the core”. In 2014, the provincial units assigned the counterpart support task sent 8,000 cadres to the poor villages, including 2657 department leaders, and visited 35,000 low-income rural households; implemented 1857 aid projects, developed characteristic industry bases of more than 200,000 mu, issued relief funds of 153 million yuan and introduced the investment of 270 million yuan, benefiting 108,000 low-income rural households, promoting the income growth of the low-income farmers and the development of underdeveloped regions.

【Social poverty alleviation】In 2014, Zhejiang Province effectively strengthened the industrial poverty alleviation. 35 provincial departments organized the implementation of 118 poverty alleviation projects to provide inclusive services and special support for underdeveloped regions. Associations of industry and commerce at all levels carried out the“village-enterprises twinning activities”, federations of overseas Chinese at all levels organized activities to support home villages and disabled persons’organizations launched the“Well-off Society Project of the Disabled”. The province mobilized 1462 local businesses to provide counterpart support for 1314 villages and donated 1.459 billion yuan. The provincial federation of overseas Chinese set up the“365”flood fund and donated 270 million yuan for flood control. The province profoundly carried out the special action of“sewage treatment, flood control, water drainage, water supply and water saving”, actively guided more than 600 local businesses to get involved in the special action and donated 1.035 billion

yuan.

【Poverty alleviation reform】In 2014, the province accelerated the pilot reform of poverty alleviation in Lishui City, achieved remarkable results in the relocation and resettlement mode innovation, rural collective property rights system reform, the household registration management system reform, rural residential land use right transfer and community management service mechanism innovation in Yunhe County, further improved the mechanisms for equal exchange of urban and rural production elements and the balanced allocation of public resources, improved the system for farmers to settle down in the city, accelerated the people-oriented urbanization construction and helped more people in mountain areas realize the dream of living in the city as urban residents.

【Poverty alleviation performance assessment】In 2014, Zhejiang provincial Party committee and provincial government issued the“Regulations on Further Strengthening the Supervision and Assessment to Perform the Economic Responsibility”(Zhe Wei Ban Fa [2014] No. 63), clearly proposed to make differential assessment on Quzhou and Lishui city, replaced the two indicators of GDP and added value growth rate of large-scale industry by water quality and air quality, and incorporated the growth rate of per capita net income of rural low-income households into the index system for economic responsibility system of relevant departments and local areas. The provincial government issued the“Measures of the Province on the Convergence Between Financial Subsidy Funds and Performance Evaluation Results of Less Developed Areas”(Zhe Zheng Ban Fa [2014] No. 120). Combined with the development characteristics of the less developed areas, 24 indicators in three categories were used and the assessment results were linked with the allocation of funds through quantitative grading.

【Poverty alleviation training】In 2014, Zhejiang Province held two national training courses of LGOP in Zhejiang Prpovince (LGOP’s ninth training course for young and middle-aged people and the national seminar on poverty alleviation training system construction). The Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office and Zhejiang University jointly organized the International Policy Workshop on Rural-Urban Poverty Linkages and took charge of the conference holding and the field survey arrangements of the participants.

【Poverty alleviation publicity】In 2014, Zhejiang Province upgraded the poverty alleviation information website, made the contents more clear and highlighted key points. More than 500 pieces of information were released since its inception, and the website played a medial role of“policy publicity, experience promotion, results show and information sharing. To adapt to the new normal of information dissemination, we took the lead in China to create the first provincial poverty alleviation and development micro channel—Zhejiang Poverty Alleviation and Development to make propaganda for the anti-poverty work in the province through micro channels. On September 2, jointly sponsored and organized by the International Poverty Reduction Center in China and the Asian Development Bank, the International Policy Workshop on Rural-Urban Poverty Linkages was successfully held in Hangzhou of Zhejiang. Xinhua News Agency, China News, Guangming Network, Netease, Phoenix Information,“Zhejiang Daily”, Zhejiang Online and Zhejiang TV all reported the event. In October, the“Farmers’Daily”published reports on the poverty alleviation, counterpart support, agricultural industrialization, processing with supplied materials and financial poverty alleviation of Zhejiang Province. In 2014, People’s Daily, Xinhua News Agency and China’s Poverty Alleviation published more than 40 articles on the poverty reduction work in Zhejiang.

【Poverty alleviation day activity】October 17, 2014 is the first“Poverty Alleviation Day”determined by the State Council. On October 15, Zhejiang Province’s“Poverty Alleviation Day”activity and educational and medical assistance for adolescents of low-income rural households was held in Longyou County of Quzhou City. 100 students from needy families of Quzhou City received student-aid subsidies of 600 yuan per capita. More than 20 experts of cardiovascular internal medicine, pediatrics, GI Medicine and rheumatism of the provincial medical institutions set up the expert outpatient service center to provide free medical services for the masses in Huzhen Ci’en Hospital. On October 17, Zhejiang provincial government convened the provincial teleconference on social poverty alleviation, praised the advanced collectives and individuals in the social poverty alleviation and made deployments for all circles of society to participate in poverty alleviation. The provincial leading group of poverty alleviation and development put forward the proposal that everyone should care for the poor. The provincial Youth League Committee and relevant units carried out the activity of educational and medical assistance for adolescents of low-income rural households and raised a total of 415 million yuan for social poverty alleviation, mainly to support the rural domestic wastewater treatment and poverty reduction in underdeveloped regions.“Zhejiang Daily”published the article titled“Poverty Alleviation and Development Path of Zhejiang Province”and commentator’s article—“poverty alleviation should keep pace with the times”. The provincial Party Committee Propaganda Department organized media to make grassroots interviews in the less developed regions and reported on seven topics including special support program of Zhejiang, etc.

(Zhejiang Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Anhui Province

【Overview】In 2014, Anhui Province profoundly implemented the central government’s strategic deployments on poverty alleviation and development and the spirit of General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important speeches and, in accordance with the requirements of“scientific poverty reduction and precise poverty alleviation”, focusing on poverty alleviation mechanism innovation and the implementation of precise poverty alleviation, further promoted the poverty alleviation and development work. Throughout the year, the poverty-stricken people were reduced by 830,000 and the rural per capita net income of the key counties reached 8062 yuan, with an increase of 942 yuan, up 13.2%, 1.2 percentage points above the provincial average. The industrial structure of poor areas in the province was further optimized, the water supply, electricity and road facilities were gradually improved, significant progress was made in social undertakings and the level of equalization of basic public services was further enhanced.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Anhui Province issued financial anti-poverty funds of 1.732 billion yuan, up 15%, of which 1.164 billion yuan (not including Food for Word fund, minority development fund, poor forest farm and agricultural reclamation fund) was from the central government, 80 million yuan was central lottery funds, 180 million yuan was from the provincial government and 308 million yuan was from the municipal and county governments. Anhui Province invested anti-poverty funds of 572 million yuan and 693 million yuan respectively for the contiguous poor areas in Dabie Mountain Area and northern regions of the province.

【Management of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, in strict accordance with the range of application of anti-poverty funds, Anhui Province effectively carried out anti-poverty project review and record, further improved the poverty-relief fund and project publicity system and strengthened social supervision. Meanwhile, we clarified the annual targets and tasks, strengthened management by objectives and promoted the performance evaluation of anti-poverty funds; organized the audit work in 48 counties (districts) with poverty reduction task and timely addressed the problems discovered. According to the requirements on the pilot reform of Rain Plan implementation mode, we held special training conference to further standardize the fund use and management.

【Entire Village Advancement】In 2014, Anhui Province implemented entire village advancement in 1057 impoverished villages, arranged 2512 projects and invested 1.63 billion yuan, of which 690 million yuan was financial anti-poverty funds, 650 million yuan was integrated funds and 290 million yuan was raised by the masses. Meanwhile, the province invested 80 million yuan in the entire village advancement projects supported by lottery funds in eight counties, namely Huoqiu County, Susong County, Shou County, Si County, Wangjiang County, Qianshan County, Xiao County and Lingbi County.

【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】In 2014, Anhui Province insisted on the responsibility system of“unified leadership of party committee, full responsibility under the government, centralized sector operations and concrete implementation by grassroots organizations”and established the poverty-relief relocation mechanism of“graded responsibility taking, task decomposition at all levels, linkage between upper and lower authorities and joint promotion”. organized relocation within villages with village team as the unit, organized relocation activities with administrative village as the unit and increased financial inputs in the construction of resettlement points for relocated residents. In 2013, Anhui Province invested 78.56 million yuan (including financial anti-poverty funds of 28 million yuan) to support the poverty-relief relocation projects in 17 counties (of which nine were national key counties for poverty alleviation and development) and relocated and resettled 6848 people from 1956 households, significantly improving the production conditions, living environment and quality of life of the relocated people.

【Industry poverty alleviation】In 2014, Anhui Province invested 20 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds to support farmers’cooperatives in poor areas to help increase the income of the poor through industry development; vigorously implement the project of poverty-relief discount loans, supported leading enterprises and agricultural industrialization enterprises to implement poverty alleviation projects and arranged financial discount funds of 80 million yuan. At the same time, jointly with Anhui Branch of Agricultural Bank of China, we launched the pro-poor loan project of“farmers-benefiting industry development”, and guided impoverished regions to develop leading industries and competitive industries with their advantages in resources to support the income growth of the poor.

【Rain Plan】In 2014, Anhui Province carried out the reform of Rain Plan implementation mode and implemented the pilot reform in 14 counties; put in a total of 75 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds for the training of 60,000 junior and senior high school students of poor areas and practical technical trainings of 150,000 poor farmers, subsidized 40,000 college students from needy families, accounting for 10% of the first batch of county government’s financial anti-poverty funds, improving the employment and entrepreneurial ability of poor labors.

【Pilot projects of poverty alleviation】In 2014, Anhui Province launched the pilot photovoltaic power generation for poverty alleviation in Hefei City and Jinzhai County, covering 2308 households, increasing the income of farmers by 3,000 yuan per household per year; promoted the construction of lottery funds projects and accelerated the project implementation in Shitai County, Dangshan County, Shucheng County and Yu’an District.

【Food for work】In 2014, Anhui Province developed and issued four batches of investment programs with a total investment of 614 million yuan for the Food-for-work program, of which 324 million yuan was national funds for Food for Work and 290 million yuan was local governments’matching funds. The first batch of program included 34 demonstration projects with a total planned investment of 101 million yuan; the second batch included 19 pilot projects of relocation with a total investment of 54 million yuan; the third batch included 20 pilot projects of integrated development in contiguous poor areas with a total investment of 282 million yuan; and the fourth batch included 4336 projects of Food for work within the fiscal budget with a total investment of 177 million yuan. These funds were continuously invested in the Dabie Mountain Area, old revolutionary base areas, reservoir areas and the flood plans along the Huaihe River, mainly supporting rural road building, small farmland and water conservancy projects, relocation and pilot projects of integrated development in contiguous poor areas in key counties for national poverty alleviation.

【Fix-point poverty alleviation】In 2014, after arranging 31 provincial leaders to contact 31 key counties for poverty alleviation and development, Anhui Provincial established the fixed-point poverty alleviation system of“village contracting by units and households contracting by cadres”. A total of 15 central, state organs and relevant units (hereinafter referred to as the central organs) were involved in the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Anhui Province and 17 cadres were sent to poor areas to support the anti-poverty work. A total of 4936 provincial, municipal and county (city, district) organs were assigned the task of fixed-point poverty alleviation, 300 village-stationed work teams were set up and 10700 cadres were sent to the poor areas. The central organs and the provincial, municipal and county aid units directly put in relief funds of 170million yuan (including materials) to help introduce 2628 projects and 3.005 billion yuan of various funds (including paid and voluntary contributions) for the poor areas, which was mainly used to support the infrastructure construction, industrial development, investment in education, cultural activities, health care, grassroots organization construction, training, disaster relief and other warmth-delivery activities; subsidized 9688 needy students, held 2966 training courses for 174500 person-times, and organized the labor transfer for 128,000 person-times.

【Poverty alleviation day activity】In 2014, Anhui Province organized the provincial

“Poverty Alleviation Day”publicity and the“Poverty Alleviation Day”activities focusing on provincial units’donation and counterpart support for poor villages, announced 3,000 aid projects for poor villages in the“Anhui Daily”and the poverty alleviation website of the province, issued the“Notice on the Pairing-off Support and Donation for Poor Villages”, and mobilized the provincial party and government organs, public institutions, enterprises, social organizations and warm-hearted people to undertake aid projects. On October 17, the donation ceremony was held. The provincial party committee, provincial people’s congress, provincial government, provincial political consultative conference and provincial military command attended the event. The province undertook 1444 aid projects worth 310 million yuan, including 50 for provincial departments, involving 32.8224 million yuan; 22 for provincial enterprises, involving 7.0924 million yuan; the city and county organized the arrangements of 1359 twinning poverty alleviation projects worth 269 million yuan. During the“Poverty Alleviation Day”, a total of 10.5376 million yuan of donations were collected, including 3.2836 million yuan from the provincial organs.

(Guo Qifeng, General Office, Anhui Province Poverty Alleviation and Development Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Fujian Province

【Overview】In 2014, Fujian Province earnestly implemented the spirit of General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important speeches on poverty alleviation and development, vigorously implemented scientific poverty reduction and precise poverty alleviation and achieved significant results; completed the poverty reduction of 50,000 households and 200,000 people; held trainings for 40,000 poor labors, focusing on practical technical training and entrepreneurship training, increasing the income by 500 yuan per household; established the service coordination systems in 23 key counties to help solve development difficulties and implement pro-poor policies; and comprehensively implemented the fourth round of poverty alleviation by entire village advancement, boosting the development of impoverished villages. The GDP of the 23 key counties increased by 10.5%, 0.6 percentage points above the provincial average, the local public financial revenue increased by 13.8%, 2.3 percentage points above the provincial average, and the rural per capita disposable income rose by 11.3%, 0.4 percentage points above the provincial average.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Fujian Province received central financial anti-poverty funds of 140 million yuan. The provincial, municipal and city governments allocated 1.293 billion yuan of special anti-poverty funds, with an increase of 161 million yuan over 2013, up 12.5%, of which 741 million yuan was provincial anti-poverty funds, up 0.95%, 128 million yuan more than the budget, up 17.2%. Among the provincial anti-poverty funds, 580 million yuan was invested in the renovation of dilapidated houses, 50 million yuan was issued for poverty alleviation microfinance, 46.8 million yuan for entire village advancement and 8 million yuan for Rain Plan implementation.

【Management of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Fujian Province divided the financial anti-poverty funds into groups, delegated the poverty-relief fund project approval power to the county government and required provincial and city governments to create records for the management of financial anti-poverty funds. According to the number of registered poor households in the counties (cities, districts), combined with the poverty alleviation performance evaluation results of the previous year, Fujian Province issued the poverty-relief funds to the counties (cities, districts), which then made arrangements on construction of planting, breeding, processing and rural tourism projects to increase the income of the poor; taking the public welfare project of dilapidated houses renovation as the project participated by governments at all levels, carried out performance evaluation of key projects and the annual performance evaluation of organizational security, financial management, project output, innovation management and project effectiveness.

【Poverty alleviation conference】In November 2014, Fujian Province held the provincial work conference on precise poverty alleviation in Ninghua county. Ninghua County introduced its experience in precise poverty alleviation, Wuping County introduced its experience in archiving work and accurate identification of the poor, Pingnan county introduced its experience in credit-oriented poverty reduction, Pucheng County introduced its experience in public welfare projects, Yunxiao County introduced its experience in pairing-off poverty reduction of poor villages and poor

188.Yearbook of China’s Poverty Alleviation and Development, 2015

Ⅴ. Local Poverty Alleviation.189

270.Yearbook of China’s Poverty Alleviation and Development, 2015

272.Yearbook of China’s Poverty Alleviation and Development, 2015

Ⅵ. Social Poverty Alleviation.273

346.Yearbook of China’s Poverty Alleviation and Development, 2015

Ⅶ. International Cooperation.347

Ⅷ. Study of Urban Poverty.359

360.Yearbook of China’s Poverty Alleviation and Development, 2015

households, Changting County introduced its experience in the construction of Shanhai Industrial Park and Jianning County Wenxin Lotus Industry Company introduced its experience in increasing the income of the poor and lifting the masses out of poverty. The participants visited six projects in Ninghua County, namely the precise poverty alleviation management service center, Kejia Snack Base, Xinxin rex rabbit, Hekeng Village of Huaitu Town, Yangbian Village of Shibi Town and Shibi Modern Agricultural Sightseeing Garden.

【Record creation for the poor】In 2014, under the principle of county-based scale control, graded accountability, accurate identification and dynamic management, Fujian Province created the records of 938,000 poverty reduction objects, 2200 poor villages and 23 provincial key counties for poverty alleviation and development with rural per capita net income less than 3310 yuan (equivalently to 3,000 yuan constant price in 2010).

【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】In 2014, Fujian Province continued to take the public welfare project of dilapidated houses renovation as a practical project to be launched by the provincial Party committee and provincial government for the people, issued 827 million yuan of central and provincial subsidy funds to support the renovation of dilapidated houses and renovation of the rural households, disaster-affected households in remote natural villages and the rural households and five-guaranteed households in ecological preservation areas and the poor households of Quanzhou in 5137 administrative villages, 675 towns and 63 counties (cities, districts), involving 50200 households and 215,000 people, overfulfilled the annual task of relocating 200,000 people. Meanwhile, the province supported the construction of 100 provincial public welfare centralized resettlement areas for at least one hundred households and relocated a total of 192 natural villages, increasing the income of the masses by 15%.

【Fix-point poverty alleviation】In 2014, Fujian Province implemented the system for provincial leaders to contact the key counties for poverty alleviation and development. The party committee secretary You Quan and governor Su Shulin carried out field research in the twinned counties and gave instructions on the poverty reduction work. The province established the key county service coordination system, held the provincial conference on the contacts between the provincial key counties, twinned provincial organs and the coastal developed counties for counterpart support, provided consulting services to address the key problems and difficulties in anti-poverty work, solving more than 100 key problems; carried out the inspection on the policy implementation in the provincial key counties for poverty alleviation and development to promote problem solving and policy implementation; strengthened Shanhai collaboration, strengthened the counterpart financial, talent and project support, promoted the construction of industrial parks in 23 key counties and the poor counties receiving counterpart support and constructed 17 industrial parks.

【Entire Village Advancement】In 2014, according to the requirements of“department linkage, capital binding, village-stationed support and enterprises’docking”, Fujian Province implemented the fourth round of entire village advancement by village-stationed cadres, identified 2200 key villages for poverty alleviation and development, including 236 provincial key villages; sent 2349 outstanding young cadres of the provincial, city and county departments to serve as the first secretary of the poor villages, basically achieving the full coverage of poor villages. Relevant departments at all levels and all circles of society invested 1.397 billion yuan of relief funds to support the construction of 9063 projects. We constantly explored ways for improving enterprises’docking and designated 53 central and provincial enterprises to provide counterpart support for 74 destitute villages, and each enterprise was required to issue relief fund of no less than 200,000 yuan every year.

【Poverty alleviation microfinance】In 2014, Fujian Province implemented poverty alleviation microfinance and issued 50 million yuan of microfinance discount funds to provide discount subsidies for the productive loans of poor rural households; Made more innovations to the poverty alleviation microfinance system, on the basis of former 11 pilot counties for microfinance, increased 8 pilot counties, through the establishment of microfinance guaranty fund, provided unsecured loan guarantee for poor households to develop production and addressed the loan problem of the poor; issued small loan interest discount funds of 20 million yuan for 20,000 rural households, increased the income of farmers by 2,000 yuan per household; 19 pilot counties for microfinance provided unsecured loans of 500 million yuan for 15,000 rural households of more than 800 impoverished villages, increasing the income of farmers by 4,000 yuan per household.

【Social poverty alleviation】In 2014, Fujian Province improved the organization and mobilization mechanism, gave play to the linking role of labor unions, the Communist Youth League, women’s federations and other mass organizations, guided various types of social organizations, charities, overseas Chinese compatriots from Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao as well as the citizens to participated in poverty alleviation and development in various forms, vigorously advocated corporate social responsibility, and encouraged more enterprises to invest and launch businesses in poor areas, create jobs for the poor and donate infrastructure and public projects. We strengthened publicity to create a good social atmosphere for poverty reduction, mobilized all circles of society to participate in poverty reduction and carried out the“Poverty Alleviation Day”activities in the province.

【Poverty alleviation system construction】In 2014, Fujian Province issued three policy documents on poverty alleviation and development, namely the“Circular on Improving the Performance Evaluation of Local Party and Government Leadership and Cadres”, the“Measures on the Management of Subsidy Funds for Public Welfare Project of the Renovation of Dilapidated Houses”and the“Interim Measures on the Management of Poverty-relief Microfinance Funds”.

【Pilot project of public lottery funds】In 2014, Fujian Province identified the provincial key counties for poverty alleviation and development in 7 counties of former Central Soviet Areas, namely Zhao’an County, Yunxiao County, Pinghe County, Wuping County, Liancheng County, Shunchang County and Guangze County, as the project counties for central special lottery funds to support small public facilities in old revolutionary base areas. Based on the central funds of 60 million yuan, the provincial government issued 3 million yuan of matching funds and arranged 9 million yuan of relief funds for each project county.

【Poverty alleviation publicity】In 2014, Fujian Provincial Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development was titled as the Advanced Unit of Poverty Alleviation Publicity by LGOP. Focusing on strengthening poverty alleviation publicity to promote the anti-poverty work, the province actively made propaganda on the party’s pro-poor policies, demonstrated the achievements of the province’s poverty alleviation and summarized and promoted good achievements, typical practices and experience to create a good atmosphere for the poverty alleviation and development in Fujian Province. In 2014, a total of 278 poverty alleviation publicity reports were published in the major traditional media and central network media, making good propaganda on the central and provincial government’s overall departments and policies on poverty alleviation and development, forming a new joint force for all circles of society to care, support and participate in poverty reduction.

【Fujian-Ningxia pairing-off poverty alleviation】In 2014, in accordance with the central government’s overall deployments and the requirements of two regions’leaders, taking the opportunity of contiguous development of Liupan Mountain Area, Fujian Province comprehensively completed the tasks assigned by the 17th joint meeting. The provincial government issued 33 million yuan of relief funds for Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The village-stationed cadres strived for 34 million yuan of various kinds of relief funds to support the implementation of ecological migration, characteristic competitive industries, Juncao, education, health and cultural projects and improve the production and living conditions of the masses in the central and southern mountain areas. In December, the 18th joint meeting on Fujian-Ningxia pairing-off poverty alleviation was convened in Fuzhou of Fujian, forming the“minutes of the 18th joint meeting on Fujian-Ningxia pairing-off poverty alleviation”. At the event, 30 agreements were signed, involving an investment of more than 30 billion yuan. The Fujian-Ningxia pairing-off poverty alleviation pattern was fully affirmed by the central government and the Fujian-Ningxia pairing-off poverty alleviation experience was promoted.

(Dong Jianwu, Fujian Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Jiangxi Province

【Overview】In 2014, in accordance with the“Opinions on Mechanism Innovation to Steadily Promote Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development”and the deployments made by Gan Fu Zi No.19 Document on the“Opinions on Mechanism Innovation to Steadily Promote Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development”, as well as the requirements of“development and upgrade, construction of a well-off society, green rise, and revitalizing Jiangxi by joint efforts”of the provincial Party committee and provincial government, making good use of the government, market and social poverty alleviation resources, we continued to improve the“trinity”large-scale poverty alleviation pattern integrating special poverty alleviation, industrial poverty alleviation and social poverty alleviation, conducted accurate identification of the poor and precise poverty alleviation, and completed the improvement of 3400 impoverished villages, the labor transfer training of 48600 poor labors, the relocation of 100,000 poor people and the pilot industry poverty alleviation for rural households in 27 poor counties. Further mobilized social forces to participate in poverty alleviation and development. The fix-point poverty alleviation units at all levels in Jiangxi Province invested and strived for nearly 1.32 billion yuan of relief funds to help the impoverished villages build rural roads of 6520 km, construct water conservancy facilities for 760,000 mu of farmland, 1171 bridges and 3714 drinking water projects, introduced and cultivated 3211 industries to enrich the masses, held 6045 practical technical trainings and provided pairing-off support for 201,000 poor households, further improving the infrastructure and social public services in poor areas, further enhancing the self-development capacity of the poor and further consolidating the income growth trend. In 2014, the rural per capita net income of the key areas for poverty reduction, Gannan County and other counties in former Central Soviet Areas, the counties in Luoxiao Mountain Area and key counties for poverty alleviation and development increased by 16.9%, 16% and 15.8% respectively, 4 or 5 percentage points above the provincial average. The number of registered poor people declined from 3.46 million to 2.76 million, with a decline of 700,000, down 19.4%, and the poverty rate was 7.7%, down 1.5 percentage points.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Jiangxi Province put in special anti-poverty funds of 2.302 billion yuan, with an increase of 362 million yuan over the previous year, up 18.66%, of which: 1.1 billion yuan was from the central government, with an increase of 113 million yuan, up 11.5%, and 913 million yuan was provincial matching funds, with an increase of 226 million yuan, up 32.9%. Arrangements of the central financial anti-poverty funds: 610 million yuan was issued for the entire village advancement (including industry poverty alleviation) of key villages, accounting for 55.45%; 294 million yuan was issued for the poverty-relief relocation, accounting for 26.73%; 51 million yuan was issued for the pilot projects of Rain Plan, accounting for 4.64%, and 90 million yuan was issued for the pilot project of central public lottery funds, accounting for 8.18%.

【Management of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Jiangxi Province strengthened the reform of the financial anti-poverty funds management mechanism, established the fund growth mechanism adapted to the investment of central financial anti-poverty funds, accelerated the allocation of relief funds; adjusted the project demonstration and approval time, required local governments to adjust the collection, demonstration, declaration and approval time of entire village advancement, relocation, Rain Plan and industry poverty alleviation projects from the first half of this year to the second half of the previous year, made fund allocation rate and the balance of special accounts important index for fund performance assessment to urge local governments to accelerate project construction and funding reimbursement; established a competitive fund allocation mechanism and, on the basis of fair distribution, took results-oriented poverty alleviation assessment, fund performance evaluation and special audit results as important factors taken into account in the allocation of funds and major projects; carried out performance evaluation of the financial anti-poverty funds issued in 2013 for 11 cities with districts, 38 counties in the former Central Soviet Areas and contiguous destitute areas, arranged 63.48 million yuan of awards for the cities and counties with good performance; delegated the project approval power to the county government, involving the appearance improvement of impoverished villages, relocation-based poverty alleviation, transfer training and industry poverty alleviation projects, established the supervision mechanism registered in the city and provincial system; guided local governments to seriously summarize the problems discovered in the self-inspection on the use of anti-poverty funds, analyzed the reasons and gave deadline for rectification; combined with the livelihood funds inspection in 2014, we carried out a comprehensive inspection on the use of the provincial poverty-relief funds again.

【Poverty alleviation in the contiguous destitute areas】In 2014, Jiangxi Province strengthened the planning implementation in contiguous destitute areas, seriously summarized and declared the inter-county traffic, energy, water conservancy projects and other major projects in Luoxiao Mountain Area, implemented the regional development and poverty alleviation planning of Luoxiao Mountain Area and the industry transfer demonstration zone construction in Gannan County; too the initiative to contact and coordinated 52 central departments and units to provide counterpart support for 31 counties (cities, districts) in the former Central Soviet Areas of Gannan; giving priority to the contiguous poor counties and former Central Soviet Areas in the allocation of funds, and issued 4.8 billion yuan of central budget funds for the poverty reduction in the former Central Soviet Areas. In 2014, the province invested 229.05 billion yuan in project construction, of which 150.73 billion yuan was financial funds and 78.32 billion yuan was other funds, significantly improving the infrastructure such as railway, highway, airport and energy facilities, and increased support for the industry development in poor areas to improve the level of basic public services.

【Record creation for the poor】In 2014, under the principle of county-based scale control, graded accountability, accurate identification and dynamic management, Jiangxi Province made deployments on the identification of poverty-stricken households, completed the accurate identification and archiving work of 25 poor counties, 3400 impoverished villages, 1.19 million poverty-stricken households and 3.46 million poor people to ensure that cards were created for every poor household, volumes were created for every village and town and e-records were created for every county, laying a solid foundation for the precise poverty alleviation and dynamic management of the poverty reduction objects.

【Entire Village Advancement】In 2014, Jiangxi Province allocated 610 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds for the improvement of impoverished villages and 648 million yuan of new rural construction funds for new rural construction in 1730 provincial pilot areas and 830 city and county pilot areas among the 3400 poor villages; highlighted the village environment improvement, adhered to the principle of government guidance, villagers-oriented, financial resources integration, comprehensively improvement of infrastructure, overall improvement of afforestation, made the living environment of the poor villages covered by the planning take on an entirely new look and significantly improved the life quality of the villagers. Jointly with Jiangxi Provincial Department of Water Resources, we issued the“Notice on Water Conservancy-oriented Poverty Alleviation to Promote the Full Coverage of Impoverished Villages of the Rural Safe Drinking Water System and Giving Priority to Impoverished Villages in the Implementation of Small Water Conservancy Projects”.

【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】In 2014, Jiangxi Province developed the planning to complete the renovation of 70,000 people for poverty reduction, including 9170 people covered by the Food-for-work Program, 67700 people living in mountain areas and 3163 people for ecological renovation; issued housing construction subsidy funds of 272 million yuan for the relocation of people living in mountain areas and ecological relocation, including 237 million yuan from the provincial government; and constructed a total of 172 resettlement centers, including 18 urban gardens for 41,000 immigrants. In 2014, we issued infrastructure construction subsidy funds of 142 million yuan for centralized resettlement of immigrants, further strengthened the integration of various agriculture-related policies and funds for the urban resettlement centers, integrated the rural dangerous house renovation and security housing construction subsidy policies, and used the farmer-benefiting funds for traffic, agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, rural power grid upgrade, the new rural community demonstration center construction, rural nurser use and community service center construction for the construction of immigrants’resettlement centers under the premise of unchanged ensuring fund nature, use and management requirements. Jointly with the provincial transport department, we issued the“Circular on Traffic Construction-oriented Poverty Alleviation to Accelerate the Cement Road Construction in the Natural Villages (with at least 25 households) and Immigrants’Resettlement Centers of Impoverished Regions”.

【Industry poverty alleviation】In 2014, Jiangxi Province allocated 580 million yuan of industry poverty alleviation funds for the former Central Soviet Areas and destitute areas and issued 72 million yuan of industry poverty alleviation funds for the poor villages in the former Central Soviet Areas and destitute areas to create records of the poor. Jiangxi Provincial Poverty Alleviation and Immigration Office, the provincial financial department, Bank of China Nanchang Central Branch and the provincial rural credit cooperatives jointly issued the“Guidance on Pilot Industry Loans”, explored the quaternity industry poverty alleviation for poor households: supporting the poor villages to select one leading industry, organize one farmers’cooperatives, set up one risk compensation fund and establish one sectorial support mechanism to address the problems of inaccurate targets, fund shortage and scattered operation in industry development by the poor.

【Rain Plan】In 2014, Jiangxi Province put in 51 million yuan for the Rain Plan training of 50,000 people, including vocational education of 25600 people and job skills training of 23,000 people; and the poor participants with records accounted for 60% of the total. Jiangxi province promoted the“four changes”in the reform of the Rain Plan training mode, i.e.: changing the medium and short-term trainings as medium and long-term training; changing training contents from inclusive training to vocational education and skills training for labor transfer of the poor; changing training mode from training organizing by poverty alleviation department to independent selection of trainings by the poor; and the subsidies were directly issued to the poor rather than to the training agencies. We mainly supported the junior and senior high school graduates of needy families to receive secondary or higher vocational education to improve their ability for job change and business launching, focusing on job skills training for the poor labors willing to change jobs, mainly to improve their self-development capacity for employment transfer and income growth.

【Pilot projects of village-level mutual funds】In 2014, Jiangxi Province launched the pilot projects of village mutual funds for the impoverished villages in 22 poor counties, covering 396 villages. A total of 72.2261 million yuan was invested in the pilot projects, of which 62.65 million yuan was financial anti-poverty funds, 7.8225 million yuan was contributed by the rural households and 1.7536 million yuan was other funds. Adhering to the principle of giving priority to the poor, we first take into account the poor in providing financial and technical support, and the pilot projects had an impact on 168500 rural households, including 21900 impoverished households; 24500 rural households participated in the mutual-aid society, including 13600 impoverished households, accounting for 56%; a total of 233 million yuan of loans were issued, of which 129 million yuan was issued to the poor, accounting for 55%. The pilot projects boosted the development of rural cooperative organizations, and after that, a number of tobacco associations, mushroom associations and silkworm breeding and mulberry growing associations were established.

【Pilot project of public lottery funds】In 2014, Jiangxi Province implemented the public welfare lottery fund projects in 23 counties, of which two were entire village advancement projects with an investment of 20 million yuan and seven were small public facilities construction projects with an investment of 70 million yuan, aiming to improve the traffic facilities, water conservancy facilities and environment. In 2014, we launched 96 projects as scheduled, completed 76 projects and continued the construction of 20 projects. 38 infrastructure projects were completed and seven were under construction; 17 environmental and public service facility construction projects were completed and 13 were under construction; and 21 industry development projects were completed.

【Fix-point poverty alleviation】In 2014, Jiangxi Province urged 10 central enterprises, 82 provincial departments and enterprises, fix-point poverty alleviation units and poverty alleviation and immigration departments at all levels to promote the fix-point poverty alleviation work, promoted the village-stationed poverty reduction and achieved the full coverage of poor villages in the fix-point poverty alleviation and pairing-off support. Party committees and governments at all levels organized 5384 departments (291 provincial departments, 1263 municipal departments and 3830 county departments) to send 5156 work teams of 16400 cadres to carry out the fix-point poverty alleviation and pairing-off support work in 3400 impoverished villages, accounting for 19.7% of the total, achieving the full coverage of poor villages in 97 counties (cities, districts) of the province in the fix-point poverty alleviation.

【Poverty alleviation by enterprises and all circles of society】In 2014, Jiangxi Province strived for more than 4 million yuan of project funds for the construction of love package, nesting action, creek and bridge projects and pairing-off student-aid projects, covering 6 counties, enhancing the enthusiasm of all circles of society for participating in poverty alleviation. On October 17, the first“Poverty Alleviation Day”, Jiangxi Province raised 223 million yuan of social poverty alleviation funds. Seven Advanced Collectives in social poverty alleviation (Ganzhou City Local Taxation Bureau of Jiangxi Province, the CPC Jiujiang Commission for Discipline Inspection, Jiangxi Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd, Jiangxi Huangshanghuang Group Food Co., Ltd., Nanchang Women’s Vocational School, Jiangxi Shangrao Social Poverty Alleviation Service Center and PLA Jinggangshan People’s Armed Forces Department) and seven Advanced Individuals in social poverty alleviation (Party Secretary Lei fang of Sanfang Town, Yongfeng County, Jiangxi Province, Chairman Xiong Shuihua of Shuibei Chamber of Commerce of Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province, Honorary Chairman Li Yonghai of Huichang County Old Revolutionary Base Area Construction Promotion Society, Executive President Mei Xianming of Fuzhou Shanghai Chamber of Commerce, Chairman Lai Kaihong of Jiangxi Fengyuan Industry Co., Ltd, Chairman Ruan Huohai of Jiangxi Honghai Real Estate Development Group Co., Ltd and Chairman Zhu Xiaohua of Guixi Tongshun Metal Co., Ltd.) recommended by Jiangxi Province were received an award in Beijing.

【Poverty alleviation publicity】In 2014, Jiangxi Province strengthened publicity on the key work in poverty reduction, promoted the experience of“four changes”in Rain Plan training and explored the new path of“five basic”(First, establishing the basic framework of“county, township and village linkage with county as the basic unit and platform and towns as the leading areas”to boost the coordinated economic and social development in the counties; second, according to the basic requirements of“affordable relocation, stable growth and gradual prosperity”, adhering to immigrants’entire relocation, gradient resettlement, differential support and integrated promotion; third, implementing the basic policy not damaging immigrants’original rights and interests, increasing their current rights and interests and providing a clear outlook on their future rights and interests to safeguard the legal rights and interests of the immigrants; fourth, paying attention to the basic method of“planning leading, working within abilities, measure adjustment based on actual situation and steady promotion”; fifth, adhering to the basic principle of“government leadership, farmers’position as the main body, market operation and social assistance”to promote the smooth implementation of relocation-oriented poverty alleviation) for relocation-based poverty alleviation, affirmed by the central government, and its“quaternity”industry poverty alleviation mode was adopted by the CCTV News. The publicity platforms mainly included special newspapers, the website of the provincial poverty alleviation office, the“Construction of Old Revolutionary Base Areas”, the“Work Briefings”and the“Exchange of Work Information”. We actively contacted the national and provincial mainstream media. CCTV News, People’s Daily, the Central People’s Broadcasting Station, Guangming Daily, Xinhua News Agency Xinhua and China Daily all reported the results of poverty alleviation work in Jiangxi Province. In 2014, more than 5800 propaganda reports were given by the provincial main media, including 210 by the national major media, and 20 reports on the results of poverty alleviation work in Jiangxi were given by the national media on the first“Poverty Alleviation Day”alone.

(Gong Liangbao, Jiangxi Provincial Poverty Alleviation and Immigration Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Shandong Province

【Overview】In 2014, the General Office of the Provincial Party Committee and the General Office of the Provincial Government of Shandong issued the“Opinions on the Implementation of the Mechanism Innovations to Steadily Promote Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development As Required by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee”, determined to raise the poverty line in Shandong to 3,000 Yuan, and determined a total of 7,000 provincial impoverished villages to be supported by the provincial, municipal and county governments and the poverty reduction among the non-poor villages to be supported by the city and county government. Proposed to strengthen the organizational leadership and focus on the implementation of 12 tasks, made innovations to the special poverty alleviation mechanism and mode and the financial poverty alleviation and social poverty alleviation participation mechanism to create a multi-party support pattern; further promoted the village-stationed poverty reduction, on the basis of the first secretary’s work, established village-stationed work teams in all provincial poor villages to achieve the standardization and institutionalization of the aid work; highlighted industrial poverty alleviation, established the new mechanism for poverty alleviation and development with social resources and created a strong atmosphere for all circles of society to care for and participate in poverty alleviation. The provincial Party committee and provincial government incorporated poverty alleviation and development into the integrated assessment index system for scientific development. The Organization Department of the Provincial Party Committee strengthened the performance assessment of the first party secretary and units that were sent to the poor regions. The provincial poverty alleviation office and the provincial department of finance made the performance evaluation of the use of anti-poverty funds and created a strong atmosphere for special poverty alleviation, industrial poverty alleviation and social poverty alleviation, significantly improving the production conditions of impoverished regions and the living standards of the poor.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Shandong Province invested financial anti-poverty funds of 1.012 billion yuan, with an increase of 275 million yuan compared to 2013, up 37.28%, among which 192 million yuan was from the central government, 604 million yuan was from the provincial government and 216 million yuan was from the governments at / below city level, respectively with an increase of 45 million yuan, 187 million yuan and 43 million yuan, up 30.42%, 44.86% and 24.82％. Arrangements of the funds: 25 million yuan for record creation of the poor, 638 million yuan for entire village advancement project construction, 5 million yuan for industry poverty alleviation, 5 million yuan for Rain Plan implementation, 5 million yuan for pilot work of mutual funds, 4 million yuan for pilot work of financial poverty alleviation, 66 million yuan for lottery funds projects, 7.1 million yuan for trainings on poverty alleviation by science and technology, 197 million yuan for transfer payment to 197 poor towns, 32 million yuan for the pilot work of minority development and minority village protection, 20 million yuan for the construction of production projects for the workers of poor state-owned forest farms, 4 million yuan for the construction of production projects for the workers of poor state-owned farms and 2.34 million yuan for discount loans for rehabilitation and poverty alleviation.

【Record creation for the poor】In 2014, Shandong Province issued the“Work Plan of Shanding Province on Accurate Identification of the Poor in Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development”. In May, the provincial government held the provincial teleconference and on-the-sport meeting on the accurate identification of rural poor people. Through the“six-step”method (training organization, farmers’declaration, household survey, democratic appraisal, public announcement and record creation), the rural areas organized the top-down accurate identification work and identified a total of 7005 impoverished villages with a poverty rate of 9.4%; a total of 5.195 million of rural poor people and 2.33 million rural poor households living below the provincial poverty line of 3322 yuan, accounting for 7.22% of the total; and 2.6791 million rural poor people living below the national poverty line of 2736 yuan, accounting for 3.71%. In accordance with the“Archiving Index System for Poverty Alleviation and Development”issued by the LGOP, in October, 17 cities of Shandong Province completed the information entry of the impoverished villages, poor rural households and poor rural residents.

【Entire Village Advancement】In 2014, organization departments of party committees at all levels, the poverty alleviation and financial departments at all levels of Shandong Province that were designated the task of entire village advancement increased efforts for the first secretary to support the impoverished villages and increased the investment of anti-poverty funds, helped the poor villages and poor rural households develop income-growth program, and organized the production of characteristic agricultural products, vegetables, livestock, poultry, forestry and fruits. The provincial departments sent the first secretaries to support the poverty reduction in the twinned impoverished villages. As a result, more than 90% of the poor villages got access to highroads, electricity, tap water, radio and TV programs, telecommunication, the farmland with stable yields despite drought or excessive rain and income-generation projects; the two“committees”of the administrative villages got their offices, and the villages got clinics, health care system, pre-school education, cultural rooms, fitness venues, a good ecological environment, employment security measures, etc.

【Industry poverty alleviation】In 2014, in accordance with the preferential policies for financial departments to provide 3% of interest subsidy funds for the project loans of poverty alleviation leading enterprises and 5% of interest subsidy funds for the project loans of poor rural households, nine cities of Shandong Province, namely Weifang, Jining, Tai’an, Rizhao, Linyi, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Binzhou and Heze City, were allowed to independently select Agricultural Bank of China or other banks to get loan index of 164 million yuan. Yanggu County of Liaocheng City strived for one million yuan of loans for the poor rural households. The implementation of such policy addressed the fund shortage for production development of 21 enterprises, encouraged the construction of 120,000 mu of standardized agricultural product manufacturing bases, the construction of 40 breeding communities and the breeding of 3 million heads of livestock and poultries, provided jobs for 2500 rural poor labors and increased the income of 15,000 poor rural households by 6,000 yuan per household.

【Rain Plan】In 2014, the provincial government continued to delegate the Rain Plan demonstration training base selection and rural poor labor transfer training power to the city governments. In strict accordance with the relevant requirements, Zibo, Weifang, Tai’an, Rizhao, Laiwu, Linyi, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Binzhou and Heze selected a total of 21 Plan Rain demonstration training bases. According to the standard of 500 yuan per person for the transferred labors after training, a total of 8920 rural poor labors received training and were transferred. The Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office and Liaocheng Technician College jointly opened the Rain Plan experimental class, selected 50 junior and senior high schools graduates from rural needy families of seven cities to attend the training and two-year education and provided 5,000 yuan of board and lodging allowance for each of them. According to the survey results, the average monthly wage of the transferred labors reached 2500 yuan or more.

【Pilot projects of village mutual funds】In 2014, Shandong Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office, the provincial department of agriculture and provincial department of finance jointly held the fifth training course on mutual fund organizations of impoverished villages in Shandong Agricultural University and more than 800 people attended the event, including chairpersons and accountants of mutual funds organizations. Shandong Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office and the provincial department of finance jointly issued the“Circular on the Performance Evaluation of Farmers’Development Mutual Funds of Impoverished Villagers in 2013”, rewarded 24 counties and districts with high enthusiasm for the establishment of pilot mutual funds organizations and standardized management of mutual fund use, and all the rewards were used to increase mutual funds. In 2014, there were a total of 964 mutual funds organizations in the impoverished villages of the province, 170,000 rural households joined the organizations and the mutual funds amounted to 273 million yuan. 207300 loans of 1.056 billion yuan were issued to the rural households, including 60700 poor rural households. The issuance of mutual funds’loans increased the income of farmers by more than 2,000 yuan per household per year.

【Pilot project of financial poverty alleviation】In 2014, jointly with the provincial finance office and the provincial department of finance, Shandong Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office launched the pilot projects of financial poverty alleviation in Yiyuan County and Zichuan District of Zibo City and Linshu County of Linyi City. The provincial department of finance used some special anti-poverty funds as guarantee funds, the provincial finance office coordinated China Development Bank, Export-Import Bank of China and the Agricultural Bank of China to issue loans of 37.49 million yuan to 21 agricultural industrialization enterprises, new business entities and mutual funds of poor villages in three pilot counties (districts). According to the provisions, the interest rate of one-year loans was 7.3%, up 30%, and that of 1-2-year loans was 7.4%, up 40%.

【Pilot area for poverty alleviation reform】In 2014, LGOP included Zibo City of Shandong into the list of pilot areas for the national poverty alleviation reform. Zibo City implemented the“Well-off Society Construction Project for One Hundred Thousand Farmers”and the ecological project construction plan for the water source protection area of Taihe River reservoir, formulated the“Implementation Plan of Zibo City on the Construction of National Pilot Area of Poverty Alleviation Reform”, proposed to make innovations to the agricultural production and management mechanism and cultivate and expand the new agricultural business entities; actively promoted the circulation of rural land management contract right to achieve the intensive and large-scale land operation and the social poverty alleviation with village-enterprise cooperation as the platform; implemented the insurance full coverage policy, strived to expand the coverage of the crop insurance and supported eco-industrial projects; strengthened education and training, implemented the“leading wild goose”plan; and held centralized trainings for 200 principals of new business entities to cultivate models for development demonstration every year.

【Construction of old revolutionary base areas】In 2014, the central government issued 60 million yuan of public welfare lottery funds to support Yimeng Old Revolutionary Base Area of Shandong Province and Linyi and relevant counties (cities) issued matching funds of 6.15 million yuan. In strict accordance with the requirements for the construction of agricultural production roads and small water conservancy projects with public welfare lottery funds, we organized the construction of production roads of 209.34 km, one reservoir, three dams and one kilometer of diversion canal in Mengyin County, Fei County, Yinan County and Junan County of Linyi City, Yiyuan County of Zibo City and Xintai City of Taian, benefiting 47 impoverished villages and 82,000 people.

【Training on poverty alleviation by science and technology】In 2014, Shandong provincial Party committee and provincial government determined to the funds for farmers’training and rely on the teachers of the County Agricultural Broadcasting School to hold ten production technical, job skills and entrepreneurial skills training in the field for the members of“two committees”, major production households and leaders of getting rich in 584 villages, 109 towns, 34 counties (districts) of eight cities, namely Zaozhuang, Jining, Taian, Linyi, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Binzhou and Heze. The Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office, the Organization Department of the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Agricultural Radio and Television School formulated and issued the“Program on Poverty Alleviation by Science and Technology in 2014”and organized more than 8,000 people to attend the trainings.

【Poverty alleviation day activity】On October 17, 2014, Shandong provincial government held the teleconference on the first Poverty Alleviation Day. A total of more than 150 people attended the event, including the principals of member units of the provincial leading group of poverty alleviation and development, some state-owned enterprises and private businesses, the advanced units and advanced individuals of social poverty alleviation, etc. We delivered the short message on publicity on the Poverty Alleviation Day to 80 million mobile users. After the meeting, the provincial departments organized relevant persons to visit the poor. The provincial poverty alleviation office and the provincial department of finance announced the public account for donation.

【International exchange of experience in poverty alleviation】In August and September, Shandong province received two batches of participants of the seminar on rural enterprise development organized by the Department of Rural Development and Land Reform of South Africa. A total of 45 participated in the field research. We mainly introduced the province’s practices of agricultural industrialization construction management and exchanged the experience in modern agricultural management.

【Poverty alleviation agency and team building】In June 2014, the provincial Party committee and provincial government issued the“Notice on the Adjustment of the Members of Shandong Provincial Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development”(Lu Wei [2014] No. 164). Governor Guo Shuqing served as the head of the leading group. Vice Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee Wang Junmin, President of the Organization Department of the Provincial Party Committee Gao Xiaobing and Vice Governor Zhao Runtian served as the deputy head of the leading group, and the member units increased from 37 to 46. Among the 28 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) with poverty alleviation and development agencies, Shandong became the province that appointed the government top leader to serve as the head of the leading group of poverty alleviation and development following Hubei, Shaanxi, Guizhou, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In accordance with the needs of the anti-poverty work, the poverty planning department, poverty alleviation project management department and industrial and social poverty alleviation department were set under the provincial department of agriculture.

(Xu Bingtian, Shandong Provincial Poverty Alleviation and Development Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Henan Province

【Overview】In 2014, Henan Province earnestly implemented General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development work, took the poverty reduction projects in Dabie Mountain Area, Funiu Mountain Area, Taihang Mountain Area and the Yellow River Floodplain as the major events of the mass route education of the provincial committee, and included the annual poverty alleviation and development targets into the provincial government’s“Ten Major Livelihood Projects”. Party committees and governments at all levels and the relevant departments actively made innovations to the poverty alleviation and development mechanism, vigorously promoted the poverty reduction among the masses in the three mountain areas and the Yellow River Beach area, and achieved new results. We implemented entire village advancement projects in 1,137 poor villages, held Rain Plan training for 205,000 labors from needy families, relocated 61700 poor residents of stony mountain areas, and lifted 1.222 million rural people out of poverty through the implementation of integrated poverty relief measures. As a result, the growth rate of the rural per capita net income of 31 national key counties for poverty alleviation and development was 1.8 percentage points above the provincial average.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, a total of 1.971 billion yuan of central financial anti-poverty funds was invested in the province, up 17.2%, 90 million yuan of central lottery funds were invested for the province, up 44%; 733 million yuan of provincial financial anti-poverty funds were invested, up 20.09%; 30 million yuan of provincial lottery funds were invested, up 50%. The city and county governments issued financial anti-poverty funds of 863 million yuan, up 63.45%. Arrangements of the central government’s anti-poverty funds: 1.176 billion yuan for precise poverty alleviation, accounting for 68.96%; 496 million yuan for infrastructure construction, accounting for 29.07%, and 34 million yuan for project management, accounting for 1.97%.

【Management of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Henan Province steadily promoted the reform of the anti-poverty fund management mechanism, delegated the project approval power and anti-poverty fund project approval power to the county government, through element-based distribution, county government approval and provincial and municipal record creation, promoted the implemented of the management system with overall responsibility under the provincial government and implementation responsibility under the county government; enhanced the accuracy of fund use, and allocated the financial anti-poverty funds to the cities and counties based on the scale of poor population, poverty rate and the rural per capita net income, then the county government formulated the aid measures for specific villages and households based on the actual situation. In 2014, more than 70% of the central and provincial financial funds were directly issued to the poor households. Meanwhile, the province established the competitive incentive mechanism, carried out the activities of selecting demonstration villages for entire village advancement, and selected and rewarded 100 demonstration villages outstanding in scientific guidance, supporting industry development and high-standard project construction that played a strong leading role in the anti-poverty work.

【Infrastructure construction】In 2014, Henan Province allocated a total of 689 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds in infrastructure construction, involving village road, rural drinking water, farmland, water conservancy and rural biogas projects, built village roads of 2673 km, 326 bridges (culverts) and 168 drinking water wells, reservoirs and water cellars, addressing the drinking water problem of 112,000 people; dug 2512 motor-pumped wells, constructed 765 other architectures, increased basic farmland of 28500 mu, and completed all the infrastructure construction projects by the end of 2014. As a result, the roads, drinking water facilities, water conservancy, electricity, cultural facilities, health, education, radio and television, social security and other infrastructure and social undertakings in poor villages witnessed development to varying degrees.

【Entire Village Advancement】In 2014, Henan Province implemented entire village advancement in 1137 poor villages with a total of 2.681 billion yuan of investment, of which: 809 million yuan was provincial and central anti-poverty funds, 93 million yuan was city and county financial funds, 1.284 billion yuan was from relevant sectors and industries and 496 million yuan was raised by the masses. Focusing on“promoting development, improving infrastructure, cultivating industry, capacity building, promoting employment and income growth”, adhering to the principles of“scientific planning, coordination of resources, relying on the masses, competition and incentives and continuous improvement”, with county as the platform and financial anti-poverty funds as the guidance, Henan Province integrated the sectoral resources and social forces, implemented the water, electricity, road, gas, housing and environmental improvement and income growth projects and actively developed education, culture and health industry, significantly improving the production and living conditions of the impoverished villages covered by the entire village advancement program.

【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】In 2014, a total of 1.928 billion yuan was invested in the poverty-relief relocation projects, of which 370 million yuan was central and provincial financial anti-poverty funds, 85 million yuan was city and county relief funds, 409 million yuan was industrial sectors’relief funds and 1.064 billion yuan was raised by the masses. We set up 123 immigrant communities (resettlement areas), resettlement houses of 1.463 million square meters, erected electric circuits of 243.9 km, built roads of 278 km, paved pipelines of 568.5 km and relocated 13700 poor households and 61700 people in mountain areas. Adhering to“government guidance, measure adjustment to local conditions on a voluntary basis for orderly promotion”, to achieve the goal of“affordable relocation, steady progress, sustained development and poverty reduction”, we combined the relocation closely with the new urbanization construction, new rural construction, the ecological environment construction, industry development of poor areas and the employment transfer of the poor to achieve the sustained development of the poor areas.

【Industry poverty alleviation】In 2014, Henan Province allocated a total of 108 million yuan of interest discount funds for poverty-relief project loans, implemented the key projects of poverty alleviation leading enterprises, supported the development of industry projects of 296 industrialization leading enterprises and farmers’professional cooperative organizations. The leading enterprises invested more than 100 million yuan in kind and cash to support the development of characteristic industries in poor areas, mobilized the financial agencies to issue 3.589 billion yuan of project loans for the poor areas; supported 296 industry poverty alleviation projects, resulting in the participation of 2620 registered impoverished villages and 560,000 poor people in the industry development, efficient planting, breeding and small-sized agricultural product processing, and 59,000 registered poor people found jobs near home.

【Poverty alleviation by science and technology】In 2014, Henan Province invested 78.05 million yuan in poverty alleviation by science and technology, registered 174 projects of poverty alleviation by science and technology, covering 300 poor villages and 33,000 poor households, promoted 310 new species and new technologies, held agricultural technical trainings for 180,000 person-times, distributed 590,000 copies of technical manuals, and organized 360 experts to give guidance on the anti-poverty work in impoverished regions, benefiting 220,000 poor people.

【Rain Plan】In 2014, Henan Province invested 182 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds in Rain Plan implementation and held trainings for 205,000 person-times; among which, 38.984 million yuan was issued as vocational education subsidy for new labors of needy families, covering 19500 needy students; 37.084 million yuan was issued for the pilot reform of Rain Plan implementation mode, covering 18500 needy students; 39.283 million yuan was invested in the short-term skills training for labors of needy families, covering 25700 people; 63.659 million yuan was invested in the practical technical training for industry development in poor villages, covering 108400 people; and 2.9 million yuan was issued for the entrepreneurship leaders training to enrich people, covering 2900 people. The nearly employment trainings were held for 30,000 people.

【Pilot project of public lottery funds】In 2014, Henan Province completed the entire village advancement projects in old revolutionary base areas with central special lottery funds. The projects were implemented in 31 administrative villages of Song County, Shangcheng County and Huaiyang County for two years with a total investment of 184 million yuan, of which 45 million yuan was central lottery funds, 93.31 million yuan was from relevant sectors, 7.21 million yuan was from the county government and 38.228 million yuan was raised by farmers. Newly built village highroads of 144.28 km., ten bridges, 132 motor-pumped wells, 29 water cellars, 14 clinics, 7 cultural squares, 73 garbage collection centers and nine sewage treatment stations; developed 13500 mu of greenhouse vegetables, Chinese herbal medicines, flowers, tea gardens and orchards, bred 1166 pigs, 3620 sheep and 180,000 small poultries and held practical technical and skills trainings for 5725 person-times.

【Pilot project of village-level mutual funds】In 2014, adhering to the principle of“key support, coverage expansion and steady progress”, the province continued to expand the scale and gradually improved the pilot work management system, invested 212 million yuan in the pilot work of 966 villages, of which 175 million yuan was from the provincial government and 21.7224 million yuan was mutual funds paid by farmers. A total of 63400 rural households joined the mutual-aid societies, including 41300 poverty-stricken households, accounting for 65.09%; a total of 347million yuan of loans was issued, of which 252 million yuan was issued to the poor, and a total of 169 million yuan of loans was repaid with maturity repayment rate of 100%, increasing the income of farmers by 900 yuan per household.

【Poverty alleviation microfinance】In 2014, Henan Province invested 14.56 million yuan of central and provincial financial funds for poverty alleviation microfinance, which was mainly used as interest discounts for the industry development of poor households, directly benefiting 10300 poor households. The province organized the activity themed“Microfinance Promotion Year”and the“Baiqianwan”activity for financial poverty alleviation, supported 100 poverty alleviation leading enterprises, 1,000 small-sized labor-intensive enterprises and 10,000 rural households to development income-generating projects; issued 18.5 billion yuan of various kinds of loans, of which 9.059 billion yuan was issued to leading enterprises, 8.609 billion yuan was issued to small-sized labor-intensive enterprises and 916 million yuan was issued to rural households.

【Construction of old revolutionary base areas】In 2014, Henan Province invested 130 million yuan in the construction of old revolutionary base areas, of which 10 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds was issued to support the small project construction in 73 villages of the old revolutionary base areas, aiming to improve the local production and living conditions; and 120 million yuan of public welfare lottery funds was put in the construction of entire village advancement projects and small public facilities in the counties and villages of old revolutionary base areas.

【Food for work】In 2014, Henan Province allocated 573 million yuan of Food-for-work funds, of which 426 million yuan was from the central government, 60 million yuan was from the provincial government and 86.87 million yuan was from the city and county governments. Newly built Grade IV highway of 1091, increased or improved irrigation area of 70500 mu, protected cultivated land of 5300 mu, constructed four independent bridge projects of 453 linear meters, solved the drinking water problem of 5800 people, developed contiguous area of 19 square km, planted economic forest of 1200 mu and resettled 4843 rural poor households and 20,000 poor people.

【Fix-point poverty alleviation】In 2014, Henan Province sent a total of 27400 provincial, city and county cadres to the poor areas, directly invested 802 million yuan in kind and cash and introduced investment of 2.095 billion yuan and 4660 aid projects for the impoverished regions, and 23800 training courses for 353,000 skilled workers and rural leaders in getting rich and transferred 195,000 labors through school-enterprise cooperation. 23 central organs and enterprises that were designated to conduct fixed-point poverty alleviation in Henan Province directly invested 54.471 million yuan in kind and cash in the impoverished regions of Henan Province, introduced investment of 47.74 million yuan and 22 aid projects, held 63 training courses, trained and transferred 2551 technicians and rural leaders in getting rich, and achieved labor transfer of 3,000 people through the cooperation between schools and enterprises.

【Poverty alleviation by the army and armed forces】In 2014, Henan Province organized the Henan-stationed troops and armed forces to participate in the poverty alleviation and development plan for“Three Mountains and One Beach”, mainly implemented the public welfare projects of“four assistance and one construction”(assisting poor villages, assisting poverty-stricken people, assisting the rural primary schools in poor areas and subsidizing needy students, assisting the leaders in getting rich, and participating in the ecological water protection project construction of the South Water to North Program), conducted fixed-point poverty alleviation and counterpart support for the construction of 196“Demonstration Villages Constructed Jointly by the Army and the Masses”, launched projects to address 213 livelihood-related problems, including road building, bridge and drinking water problems, provided counterpart support for 22 rural primary schools in poor areas and donated more than one million yuan to subsidize more than 1,000 needy students every year. The Shangqiu military sub-district was designated to provide counterpart support for 35 villages of the city and supported the construction of three high-yielding efficient agricultural demonstration zones; Nanyang military sub-district held more than 130 planting and breeding technical training courses for more than 2300 technological talents and more than 1700 backbone technicians, making nearly 2,000 poor families shake off poverty and become rich. Xinyang military sub-district established 126 liaison offices for counterpart construction support and was designated to provide pairing-off support for 1120 poor households and students from needy families, supported the construction of 38 Hope primary schools, nursing homes and village clinics, subsidized 1210 college and secondary vocational school students from needy families, and put in a total of more than 6 million yuan.

【Poverty alleviation by enterprises and all circles of society】In 2014, Henan Province launched the activity for“one thousand enterprises to support one thousand villages”and“poverty alleviation through cooperation between villages and enterprises”and a total of 12900 private enterprises got involved in. Henan Province was designated to provide pairing-off support for 10400 villages, implemented 10700 aid projects with a total of planned investment of 31.47 billion yuan, donated 3.16 billion yuan for social undertakings, donated for the construction of 1404 schools, roads of 1.06 km and 1487 clinics, and subsidized 160900 disabled persons, students and people in difficulties. Meanwhile, the province carried out the“Autumn Student Aid”,“Care Package”activity,“Tongxin Happiness”and“Tongxin Practice”activities with direct and introduced investment of 4.6 billion yuan.

(Zheng Fang, Henan Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Hubei Province

【Overview】In 2014, Hubei provincial Party committee and provincial government implemented the strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, took the poverty alleviation and development as a major political issue, a major development issue and a major livelihood issue and vigorously pushed forward the work. In order to achieve the goals of building a well-off society in an all-round way, comprehensively deepening the reform, comprehensively ruling by law and comprehensive party governance according to law, focusing on the market, green growth and livelihood improvement, with contiguous destitute areas as the main battlefield, targeting at the objects of the registered poor, the province adhered to the two-wheel driven-poverty alleviation and development and social security, synchronous promotion of poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas and the precise poverty alleviation and the“three-in-one”strategy ( government, market and society), combined resources development with green development, went all out to promote the anti-poverty work and achieved significant results. In 2014, Hubei Province solved the poverty problem of 693,000 registered poor people.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Hubei Province invested financial anti-poverty funds of 1.765 billion yuan, of which 1.497 billion yuan was central government’s development funds, minority development funds and Food-for-work funds, 267 million yuan was provincial anti-poverty funds, with an increase of 239 million yuan over 2013, up 15.69%. The city (prefecture) and county (city, district) governments issued financial funds of 205 million yuan for poverty alleviation, up 38.6%. The arrangements of the central government’s financial funds for development: 1.144 billion yuan for industry poverty alleviation, accounting for 76.4%; 299 million yuan for infrastructure construction, accounting for 20%, and 54 million yuan for poverty relief training, accounting for 3.6%.

【Management of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, the General Office of Hubei Provincial Government issued the“Measures on the Management of Financial Anti-poverty Funds”, made adjustment to the former allocation factors and weights, and the new factors include the county’s rural poor population, rural per capita net income, reduction in the rural poor, rural per capita income growth, the per capita public fiscal revenue, results of the performance evaluation of the county financial anti-poverty funds and the proportion of the households covered by the poverty alleviation and development, of which the weight was 3∶1∶1∶1∶1∶2∶1, fully reflecting the requirements of precise poverty alleviation. The provincial poverty alleviation office and the provincial financial department jointly carried out the performance evaluation of the financial anti-poverty funds of 29 key counties. The supervision office of the provincial Party committee and the supervision office of the provincial government incorporated the rectification of problems discovered in the audit of the use of anti-poverty funds into the important contents of special supervision, and organized supervision on the work in 56 towns of 29 counties. The provincial auditing department audited the annual special poverty-relief funds (2012-2013) in 29 key counties. 6 departments including the provincial poverty alleviation office and the provincial development and reform commission jointly issued a document to promote the rectification work.

【Poverty alleviation in the contiguous destitute areas】In 2014, under the principle of“provincial leaders contacting the contiguous destitute areas, provincial units taking the lead in coordination and the support of the relevant departments, Hubei Province steadily pushed forward the key problem tackling for poverty reduction in contiguous destitute areas, solved the problems of program implementation, coordination and resources integration, and strived to promote the infrastructure construction, pillar industry development, ecological protection and livelihood improvement work in the contiguous destitute areas to lay a solid foundation for the precise poverty alleviation. The provincial government established the industry development fund for contiguous destitute areas, allocated 5 billion yuan to support the industry development in contiguous destitute areas, introduced the guidance on the key problem tackling for poverty reduction in four contiguous destitute areas and provided policy support funds of 300-500 million yuan for each contiguous destitute area every year. The four contiguous destitute areas (Dabie Mountain Area, Wuling Mountain Area, Qinba Mountain Area and Mufu Mountain Area) completed the construction of 1365 major projects, launched 2217 projects, recorded GDP of 298.58 billion yuan, up 11.8%; reduced poverty-stricken people by 11.7%, increased the income of farmers, and recorded rural per capita net income of 6651 yuan, up 11.6%.

【Entire Village Advancement】In 2014, Hubei Province invested 1.324 billion yuan in the entire village advancement program, 4.41 million yuan per village, of which 406 million yuan was special poverty reduction funds, 597 million yuan was industrial poverty alleviation funds and 321 million yuan was for other related work. Developed planting of 213,000 mu, developed breeding of 41300 sheep, newly built and repaired highroads of 2288 km, constructed 874 farmland and water conservancy projects, completed 1474 rural environment improvement projects and relocated 9556 poor households, accounting for 103% of the annual task. Through the entire village advancement, the rural per capita disposable income soared from 3840 yuan to 4659 yuan, with an increase of 819 yuan, and the poverty rate of 300 impoverished villages dropped to less than 10%.

【Industry poverty alleviation】In 2014, Hubei Province invested 1.409 billion yuan in industry poverty alleviation, of which 604 million yuan was financial anti-poverty funds from the central government. A total of 102 million yuan of financial discount funds was allocated, mainly to support the development of industrialization poverty alleviation leading enterprises, professional cooperatives and industrial bases that promote the employment and income growth of the poor, encouraging the investment of 3.6 billion yuan of financial capital. To support the poor households with insufficient funds for industry development, the government issued 128 million yuan of poverty alleviation microfinance and arranged 7.9 million yuan of discount funds, which were all central financial anti-poverty funds, and the average interest discount rate was 6%. The industry poverty alleviation promoted the income growth of 739400 registered poor households.

【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】In 2014, Hubei Province invested 119 million yuan in poverty-relief relocation, of which 98.53 million yuan was from the central government and 20 million yuan was from the provincial government. On this basis, the province integrated relevant departments’funds of 88.74 million yuan and other funds of 275 million yuan to complete the relocation of 10900 households and 41700 people, overfulfilled the annual task of relocating 1302 households and 3471 people. Adhering to the combination between poverty-relief relocation and entire village advancement, agricultural base development, new rural construction, small town construction and the transfer of employment, adhering to the relocation under the real name system, the province implemented the“one card”system and directly issued the subsidies to the poor households involved.

【Rain Plan】In 2014, Hubei Province invested 53.82 million yuan of direct subsidies and, through the Rain Plan, held labor transfer trainings for 53900 poor labors, of whom 2541 people received short-term trainings and 51300 people received long-and medium-term trainings. Adhering to the principle of“plan guidance, fund to the county, training to households, subsidies to the poor people, department collaboration and full supervision”, the province made active propagandas on the Rain Plan, carried out field research, promoted the application, auditing, announcement, object identification, fund subsidy, filing, supervision and inspection work; invested 16 million yuan to hold rural practical skills training for 100,000 person-times, and invested 1.2 million yuan to hold trainings for 1136 village cadres and leaders in getting rich.

【Construction of old revolutionary base areas】In 2014, the province selected one poor village from each of the 309 key towns for old revolutionary base construction and issued 139 million yuan of special funds for each of the villages. Implemented 559 projects with an investment of 51.757 million yuan in infrastructure projects involving farmland and water conservancy, traffic and drinking water supply; developed 649 production projects with an investment of 76.408 million yuan, 55 social development projects with an investment of 4.725 million yuan, and 81 training and technology promotion projects with an investment of 5.96 million yuan. Issued 8.1 million yuan to support 27 key towns for old revolutionary base construction. The provincial government increased 40 million yuan of investment to support the construction of old revolutionary base areas and scattered poverty reduction and, through competition, determined to launch entire village advancement in 16 key old revolutionary towns and the towns for scattered poverty reduction and invested 2.5 million yuan to support each contiguous poor area.

【Pilot reform of poverty alleviation system in Longfeng Town】In 2014, with Longfeng Town as the pilot point and Enshi City as the pilot area, we officially launched the pilot reform of integrated poverty reduction in the field of returning farmland to forest, poverty-relief relocation, town building through resettlement and industrial structure adjustment; launched 108 projects, completed 37 projects, invested 2.9 billion yuan and recorded a total output value of 1.32 billion yuan, up 10.3%, and the urban and rural per capita disposable income respectively amounted to 19300 yuan and 5905.9 yuan, up 20% and 18% respectively.

【Pilot Work of Poverty Reduction for Building A Well-off Society】In 2014, adhering to the principle of planning guidance, industry support, project driving, joint assistance, priority support and special supervision, Hubei Province effectively accelerated the implementation of major projects and enhanced the quality and efficiency of the economic development of the pilot counties. 7 pilot counties achieved GDP of 64.296 billion yuan, scale industries’added value of 19.97 billion yuan, local public finance budget income of 4.295 billion yuan, rural per capita disposable income of 6730 yuan and urban per capita disposable income of 18100 yuan.

【Pilot projects of village-level mutual funds】In 2014, the pilot work was launched in 356 villages of the 29 key counties (cities) for poverty alleviation and development, covering a total of 30200 poverty-stricken households, 61% of the total. The mutual-aid societies issued a total of 33.657 million yuan of loans, of which 20.57 million yuan was issued to 3082 poor households, accounting for 62.3% of the total poor and 61% of the total loans. The repayment rate was 99%. Through production development with the loans, the poor households witnessed an income growth of 1260 yuan per household.

【Pilot project of public lottery funds】In 2014, the central government invested 100 million yuan in the pilot project of public lottery funds in ten counties including Zhuxi and Xianfeng County. The ten counties had completed the planning preparation and are now promoting the project construction as scheduled.

【Food for work】In 2014, Hubei Province invested central Food-for-work funds of 182 million yuan and local matching funds of 25.97 million yuan to newly build and repair highroads of 636 km and build nine bridges of 175 linear meters in 28 poor counties, addressing the highroad problems of 4200 people and the traffic problems of 32,000 people; constructed 1490 water cellars and paved pipelines of 28 km., addressing the water problem of 50,000 people and the drinking water problems of 42,000 heads of livestock; newly built and dredged canals of 23 km, newly constructed 246 drought-resisting ponds, pools and water cellars, erected pipelines of 11 km, improved river embankment of 18 km, constructed flood drainage ditches of 13 km, increased and improved irrigation area of 26,000 mu with an increase of 520,000 kg in the annual grain output; implemented 30 comprehensive development projects in the contiguous destitute areas, improved small watersheds of 213 square meters, repaired and built roads of 99.5 km., increased and improved irrigation area of 19,000 mu, improved river embankment of 42 km, built 26 retaining dams, and newly constructed forestsoil and water conservation of 28,000 mu and protected forest of 42,000 mu.

【Poverty alleviation by characteristic industries】In 2014, Hubei Province, focused on the development of agricultural and sideline products processing enterprises, aiming to promote the development of leading enterprises. The key cities and counties each had one or two agricultural products processing enterprises that played a leading role and paid tax of more than ten million yuan. Adhering to classified guidance and measure adjustment based on local situation, in accordance with the overall deployments of Hubei Province, we developed scientific planning and determined to focus on the development of seven competitive industrial zones and characteristic product bases in poor areas, actively promoted the tourism-based poverty alleviation in the contiguous poor areas, and actively applied for Enshi Prefecture, Luotian County and Danjiangkou City to be the national experimental zones of tourism-oriented poverty alleviation. In 2014, the national conference on the pilot tourism-oriented poverty alleviation in poor villages was convened in Enshi of Hubei Province.

【Fix-point poverty alleviation】In 2014, 17 central enterprises stationed in Hubei were designated to support 25 poor counties (cities) of Hubei Province. Relief funds of 194 million yuan were directly invested (including 6.75 million yuan in kind), up 209% over 2013, of which 137 million yuan was for infrastructure construction, 233.35 million yuan was for industry development and 33.51 million yuan was for cultural education and other poverty reduction-related work. In 2014, the provincial, city and county governments dispatched 12700 village-stationed work teams to support 1647 towns and 11400 poor villages of Hubei Province; sent 24900 cadres (including 806 department cadres, 3742 division heads and 20300 office leaders and other cadres) to the poor areas; directly put in relief funds of 2.306 billion yuan (including 2.059 billion yuan in cash and 247 million yuan in kind), helped introduce 3.527 billion yuan of funds and 6926 projects, and held 10400 trainings for a total of 918300 person-times.

【Poverty alleviation by the army and armed forces】In 2014, Hubei Province coordinated the provincial military command to organize the poverty reduction activities by the Hubei-stationed armies above regiment level in Hong’an and Macheng, increased support for infrastructure construction, industry development and skills training, boosting the economic and social development in the old revolutionary base areas. The Hubei-stationed armies and the provincial military system provided support for three counties, 22 poor towns and 32 impoverished villages with a direct investment of 6.3 million yuan (of which 5.29 million yuan was in cash and 1.01 million yuan was in kind), mainly for infrastructure construction, and subsidized 324 needy students.

【Poverty alleviation by enterprises and all circles of society】In 2014, a total of 2869 enterprises of Hubei Province took part in the poverty alleviation and development work (including 320 national enterprises, 2546 private enterprises and three foreign-funded enterprises), covering 7711 poor villages and encouraging the investment of relief funds of 2371 impoverished villages. These enterprises directly invested 350 million yuan and donated 80.18 million yuan in cash and 27.88 million yuan in kind to the impoverished villages; supported the training of poor labors for 69100 person-times, constructed characteristic industrial bases of 860,000 mu, and invested 30.93 million yuan in the social undertakings of poor villages. On the first Poverty Alleviation Day, we organized all circles of society to participate in the poverty alleviation and development and raised 65.24 million yuan of donations.

【Poverty alleviation publicity】In 2014, the central and provincial media reported the anti-poverty work of Hubei Province for 300 times. We timely release information on poverty alleviation relying on the press conference and held four news conferences and exchange meetings.“Hubei Daily”created three special columns to report the provincial poverty alleviation, key-problem tackling for poverty reduction and the pilot project of building a well-off society. On the first Poverty Alleviation Day—October 17,“Hubei Daily”published an article signed by the provincial party secretary Li Hongzhong and Governor Wang Guosheng; made innovations to the public opinion creation, constructed the website of Hubei Province’s poverty alleviation and Hubei Micro Poverty Alleviation (micro-channel public platform) jointly with Jinzhu Network, established four poverty reduction and development research institutes in four contiguous destitute areas jointly with four universities and research institutes, and carried out in-depth theoretical study and publicity for four times.

(Xia Zhi, Poverty Alleviation and Development Office of Hubei Provincial People’s Government)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Hunan Province

【Overview】In 2014, under the leadership of the provincial Party committee and provincial government, with strong support from the relevant provincial departments and the city (prefecture) and county (city, district) party committees and governments, the poverty alleviation and development work in Hunan Province showed a good momentum of innovative development. In 2014, the rural poverty population of Hunan Province was reduced by 1.08 million, the poverty rate fell from 11.2% to 9.4%; the rural per capita disposable income of 37 counties in the contiguous destitute areas and three national key counties for poverty alleviation and development reached 6461 yuan, up 13.1%, 1.7 percentage points above the provincial average. The financial poverty alleviation, industry poverty alleviation and the renovation of dilapidated houses all had local characteristics of the province, fully affirmed by LGOP and the relevant ministries and commissions of the state.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Hunan Province issued a total of two billion yuan of financial anti-poverty funds, of which 1.63 billion yuan was from the central government and 370 million yuan was from the provincial government, with an increase of 390 million yuan over 2013, up 24.2%. The relevant provincial departments integrated more than 110 billion yuan of funds, financial departments issued discount loans of 1.3 billion yuan, and the units with the task of fix-point poverty alleviation raised more than two billion yuan for poverty reduction. Arrangement of the central financial development funds: 913 million yuan for industry poverty alleviation, 593 million yuan for infrastructure construction and 125 million yuan for trainings.

【Management of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, Hunan Province reformed the anti-poverty funds management mechanism, issued 70% of the funds to the county based on five factors-“poverty type, poor population size, poverty degree, rural per capita net income and per capita local financial income”and delegated the project approval power to the county government. 30% of the funds were covered by the competition mechanism and the funds allocation was combined with the work assessment and performance evaluation to stimulate the vitality to work. Jointly with the provincial department of finance, we conducted the performance evaluation of the financial anti-poverty funds for the key counties for poverty alleviation and development in 2013 and strengthened the supervision to enhance the efficiency of the funds.

【Infrastructure construction】In 2014, Hunan Province gave priority to the impoverished regions in the allocation of project funds to address the prominent problems, summarized the major projects and ten key projects in the contiguous destitute areas, prepared a list of projects, and actively coordinated the relevant industry departments to implement the projects. The transportation, water conservancy, housing construction, education and health department increased support for the poor areas and effectively promoted the implementation of ten key projects including village road building, drinking water safety, the renovation of dilapidated houses, education and health-oriented poverty alleviation, etc. Ten key tasks and 1822 projects were designed for 43 counties (including six counties that do not enjoy the preferential policies for poverty reduction) in Wuling Mountain Area and Luoxiao Mountain Area of Hunan Province. In 2014, 1672 projects were completed or launched with a total of 110 billion yuan of investment, gradually alleviating the problems of schooling, medical service, travelling, drinking water and income growth of the poor.

【Entire Village Advancement】In 2014, Hunan Province invested nearly 500 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds, implemented the entire village advancement projects and strengthened the infrastructure construction in 458 national poor villages and 266 impoverished villages in alpine mountainous areas, improving the public services level. Meanwhile, the province strived for 90 million yuan to implement the public welfare lottery fund project in nine counties.

【Industry poverty alleviation】In 2014, Hunan Province determined the strategic thinking of“direct fund issuance to the poor, able persons’leadership, industry projects for the poor and market-oriented industry project implementation, launched the“Shuangqian”industry project program covering 1,000 poor people with the purpose to increase the farmers’income by 1,000 yuan per capita, implemented a total of 62 projects with a total investment of 3.83 billion yuan, and guided the issuance of 1.36 billion yuan of loans, the construction of relevant bases of 378,000 mu, the breeding of 374,000 heads of livestock and 1.08 million poultries, directly benefiting 384,000

poor people.

【Financial poverty alleviation】In 2014, Hunan Province pushed forward the financial service reform and explored the financial service mode for Mayang County and Yuanling County. We invited China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation and CFPA Microfinance Project Management Co., Ltd to found farmers’independent service society in 12 key counties; jointly with the provincial credit union, we launched the mortgage-free and guaranty-free microfinance services with benchmark interest rate in 23 key counties, of which the core contents were“one credit rating method, two exemptions, three preferential policies and one control”.“One credit rating method: tailored credit rating method for the registered poor;“two exemptions”: mortgage-free and guaranty-free small loans for the poor and loans issuance based on credit rating;“three preferential policies”: low loan interest rate-the benchmark interest rate of the bank for the same period; preferential policy for the loan period-determining the loan period according to the industry production period rather than half a year or one year, preferential policy for loan discount-2,000 yuan per person for the poor in Xiangxi Tu and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and 1200-1500 yuan per person for the poor of other regions;“one control”: establishing the small credit loan risk compensation fund to help financial institutions prevent and control risks and enhance their enthusiasm for participation. A total of 287 million yuan of loans were issued to 10400 impoverished rural households in 23 key counties.

【Renovation of dilapidated houses for the poor】In 2014, Hunan Province combined the renovation of dilapidated houses for the poor with the ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation and ecological renovation. In consultation with the housing construction department, we formulated the plan on the renovation of dilapidated houses for the poor, raised the subsidy standards for the renovation of dilapidated houses for the poor. On the basis of 40,000 yuan per household of subsidies provided by the housing construction department, the poverty alleviation departments provided 10,000 yuan of subsidies for each household. In May, we convened the on-the-spot meeting on the renovation of dilapidated houses for rural poor households, launched the project of“100 villages demonstration, 1,000 villages linkage and 10,000 households’safe housing”, promoted the pilot projects in 102 villages of 51 key counties (including 37 counties in the contiguous destitute areas, 3 national key counties and 8 provincial key counties for poverty alleviation and development and three control key counties), promoting the renovation of dilapidated houses for the poor in 1,000 entire advancement villages and impoverished villages. Nearly 20,000 rural poor households moved into the new houses. A number of counties (cities, districts) were the models and achieved significant results, including Pingjiang County, Fenghuang County, Shaoyang City, Jianghua Yao Autonomous County, Lengshuijiang City and Hecheng District.

【Rain Plan】In 2014, Hunan Province issued 106 million yuan of financial anti-poverty funds, helped 25400 junior and senior high school graduates from needy families to complete their vocational education and find jobs; held leaders trainings on getting rich for 4239 people of impoverished villages; organized practical technical trainings for 67,000 people; subsidized 5,000 needy students in Xiangxi Tu and Miao Autonomous Prefecture to complete their schooling; issued anti-poverty funds of 24.88 million yuan to set up the student aid subsidy fund for the compulsory education of students from needy families, subsidized a total of 16400 needy students and ensured the students would not drop out of school due to poverty.

【Fix-point poverty alleviation】In 2014, 14 provincial units of Hunan Province sent 17 cadres to the poor villages, directly invested 109 million yuan and introduced 68.35 million yuan to help construct 43 projects in the impoverished villages to boost the economic and social development of the twinned poor counties. Hunan Province dispatched 3,000 village-stationed work teams and 12,000 cadres to support the poverty reduction of impoverished villages, directly invested 800 million yuan and helped introduce 1.2 billion yuan of various kinds of funds for the poor areas. 7 cities including Changsha increased support for the seven counties in Xiangxi Tu and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and directly invested 52.91 million yuan and introduced 46.75 million yuan of relief funds for the counties. We organized the activities for ten thousand enterprises to contact the poor villages and for village-enterprise joint construction, guided private enterprises to cooperate with impoverished villages in industry development; introduced Shanghai Charity Foundation and Practical Student-aid Foundation to carry out public welfare activities of poverty alleviation and student-aiding in Hunan Province. The armies in Hunan carried out the activities of“2211 project-I support old revolutionary base areas to build a well-off society”, supported 25 poor villages and 10,000 poor households to shake off poverty and subsidized 1,000 students from needy families to complete their university education. The United Front Work Department of Hunan Provincial Party Committee, the Provincial Department of Education and the democratic parties implemented the Warmth Project of“one-for-for”student aid in poor areas and achieved good poverty reduction results and good

social benefits.

【Social poverty alleviation】In 2014, Hunan Province established a sound social poverty alleviation policy system and guided the allocation of all kinds of resources to the poor areas and the investment of market players to impoverished regions through policy formulation; profoundly carried out the activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day, formulated the“Activity Plan of Hunan Province for the First Poverty Alleviation Day”, held the provincial Teleconference on Social Poverty Alleviation and the Recognition of Advanced Collectives and Advanced Individuals, made a series of propagandas on the Poverty Alleviation Day, launched the project of industry poverty alleviation by one hundred enterprises, mobilized all circles of society to actively participate in the Poverty Alleviation Day activities and extensively carried out donation activities. In 2014, a total of 1.2 billion yuan was donated for poverty reduction.

(Deng Wangming, Hunan Provincial Poverty Alleviation and Development Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in Guangdong Province

【Overview】In 2014, Guangdong Province continued to adhere to the poverty alleviation strategy of addressing poverty problem through development and steadily pushed forward the implementation of poverty alleviation planning for the poor households and poor people (Shuangdao). In February, Guangdong Provincial Government held the provincial conference on the“Shuangdao”work in poverty alleviation and development. In August, Guangdong provincial Party committee and provincial government convened in Shaoguang City the provincial conference on the“Shuangdao”work in poverty alleviation and development. In 2014, Guangdong Province invested 7.541 billion yuan for the poverty reduction among 209,000 impoverished households and 906,000 poor people in 2571 key villages of 21 key counties for poverty alleviation and development, 2.9331 million yuan per village. The per capita net income of 188,000 poor households with labors reached 7023 yuan, above the provincial poverty line (3480 yuan) set in 2013, and the annual income growth goal was achieved. The average collective income of 2571 impoverished villages exceeded 65,000 yuan, and the poor population was reduced by more than 300,000. 7710 livelihood projects were implemented with an investment of 687 million yuan. The province purchased new rural cooperative medical insurance and the new rural social pension insurance for eligible poor households; used the dividends of collective projects and equity to subsidize the households covered by the five-guarantee system and the rural minimum living security system; implemented the intellectual poverty alleviation, helped the children from needy families receive compulsory education, free high school and higher vocational education, and subsidized the needy students enrolled to high school and higher universities, effectively addressing the problem of school dropout due to poverty. At the beginning of 2014, the eastern and northwest cities of Guangdong Province organized the performance evaluation of the“Shuangdao”work in 2013 to promote the implementation of the work.

【Infrastructure construction】In 2014, various regions and aiding units of Guangdong Province invested 844 million yuan to improve the farmland and irrigation canals of 15500 km in impoverished villages; invested 1.1 billion yuan to help build and harden roads of 4959.9 km in poor villages; put in 227 million yuan to solve the drinking water problem of 2729 rural households; and invested 524 million yuan in the construction of 3510 village public cultural facilities, effectively promoting the comprehensive development of public infrastructure construction in

impoverished villages.

【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】In 2014, Guangdong province continued to incorporate the relocation of the residents living in the regions with poor production conditions and living conditions into the list of the ten livelihood projects of the province, standardized the management of renovation project funds, formulated the measures on fund management, carried out special inspection and improved the management system. The province completed the relocation of 12900 households, and implemented the education, medical service, household registration and employment policies for the immigrants in Liannan Yao Autonomous County of Qingyuan City, Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County and Shixing County of Shaoguan City as well as Dongyuan County of Heyuan City.

【Industry poverty alleviation】In 2014, in the“Shuangdao”work of poverty alleviation and development, Guangdong Province focused on the“blood-making”industrialization-oriented poverty alleviation and, on the basis of achieving the transfer of rural land contract and management rights, promoted the poor villages to focus on the development of intensive, professional, market-oriented modern agriculture rather than the small-sized, scattered traditional agriculture, aiming to help them get stable income and shake off poverty. Making use of the special funds for pilot mutual funds of poor villages, we supported 100 impoverished villages in the province, issued 150,000 yuan of development funds to each of them, helped the impoverished villages establish mutual funds to provide financial aid for local production development so as to alleviate the fund shortage of the poor and achieve sustainable development. The province held trainings for nearly 150,000 person-times for the poor rural households, implemented 7278 production projects with a total investment of 1.3 billion yuan, covering breeding, planting, processing, land leasing and property leasing projects, achieving revenue of 1.7 billion yuan. A large number of“industrial villages”and“professional towns”were created in various regions, becoming an important support for the poor to increase income and get rich.

【Entire Village Advancement】In 2014, combined with the new rural construction, Guangdong Province raised funds from various channels for the planning formulation, the upgrading of public facilities and the improvement of village appearance of impoverished villages. The Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection was designated to provide counterpart support for Tuanjie Village of Yiliu Town in Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County, focused on promoting the development of collective economy and characteristic agriculture, improving the water conservancy facilities, addressing drinking water safety problem, improving village appearance and strengthening capacity building of the village cadres, aiming to make Tuanjie Village a model village for“production development, well-off society building, rural civilization, cleanliness of village and democratic management”. In accordance with the strategy of“creating a livable city and ecological towns”, combined with the Action Plan of Happy Rural Life and the relocation work, Meizhou City created a number of model villages of happy rural life with unique characteristics. Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County of Shaoguan strived to create a model county of happy rural life, covering 25 administrative villages of five towns, and invested a total of 440 million yuan for the program. As a result, the villages involved all took on a new look. Meanwhile, we launched the Dayu Cup landscape and production road improvement project in poor areas and invested 47.5 million yuan in 2014 and arranged the implementation of 136 projects to improve the production and living infrastructure of poor villages and enhance the ability of the poor villages to resist natural disasters.

【Social poverty alleviation】In June 2014, Guangdong provincial Party committee and provincial government held in Guangzhou the opening ceremony of the Poverty Alleviation Day Activity in 2014 with the theme of“Helping the Poor and Providing Timely Help”and issued the“Notification of Guangdong Provincial Leading Group For Poverty Alleviation and Development on the Winners of Hongmian Cup Poverty Alleviation and Outstanding Teams (Projects) in the Poverty Reduction of Guangdong Province”at the conference. Many warm-hearted people and enterprises of the province donated for the charity project of Outstanding Teams (Projects) in the Poverty Reduction of Guangdong Province. On October 17, the Poverty Alleviation Day activity was carried out in the province. With the slogan of“Inviting You to Join Us on October 17”, we made propagandas on the pro-poor policies of the party and government, carried out public welfare activities and made propagandas on the models and deeds in the“Shuangdao”work for poverty alleviation and development. During the Poverty Alleviation Day and the“6.30”activity for helping the poor, all circles of society donated a total of 2.58 billion yuan.

(Wei Hao, Guangdong Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office)

Poverty Alleviation and Development in

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

【Overview】In 2014, taking the contiguous destitute areas, national and regional key counties for poverty alleviation and development and impoverished villages as the main battlefields, the poverty alleviation and development departments at all levels of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region strived to solve the mechanism problems restricting poverty alleviation and development work, further strengthened the large-scale poverty alleviation pattern, made new progress and achieved new results in the poverty alleviation mechanism innovation and precise poverty alleviation. Guangxi formulated the“A Number of Opinions on Making Innovations and Strengthening Development Work”and four matching documents, delegated the poverty-relief project approval power to the county government, further improved the responsibility system characterized by responsibility, power, funds and task to the county government; initially established the precise poverty alleviation mechanism and issued a total of 2.899 billion yuan of special funds for poverty reduction. The rural income of the national key counties for poverty alleviation and development and 3,000 impoverished villages covered by the entire village advancement program continued to increase. The poverty alleviation industry witnessed rapid development, the number of the project counties for“Shibaiqian”industry poverty alleviation demonstration increased to 50, covering 397 poor villages and benefiting 42500 poor households and 161300 poor people. The village roads, rural power grids upgrade, renovation of old and dilapidated houses in rural areas and drinking water facilities for human being and livestock in poor areas were further improved. Over 80% of the roads in administrative villages were hardened. The government raised the standards and expanded the coverage of vocational education of junior and senior high school graduates from needy families and provided subsidies for the children from needy families enrolled in universities, significantly improving the comprehensive quality of the poor. In 2014, Zhuang Autonomous Region Guangxi had a total of 5.38 people living in poverty (96,000 less than that in 2013), and the growth rate of the rural per capita net income of the key counties and the counties in contiguous destitute areas was one percentage point higher than the provincial average.

【Investment of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, a total of 2.899 billion yuan of financial anti-poverty funds was invested in Guangxi, including 1.925 billion yuan from the central government, of which: 1.149 billion yuan was development funds, 249 million yuan was Food-for-work funds, 235 million yuan was minority funds, 11.93 million yuan was for state-owned poor forest farms and 10.5 million yuan was for state-owned poor farms. Meanwhile, 685 million yuan was issued by Guangxi regional government and 291 million yuan was issued by the city and county governments. In accordance with the principle of gradually reducing investment in infrastructure and increasing investment in industry development, household support and the improvement of self-development capacity of the poor, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region mainly guaranteed the implementation of the regional development and poverty alleviation planning of contiguous destitute areas and the entire village advancement projects determined by the“12th Five-Year Plan”.

【Management of poverty-relief funds】In 2014, based on the new situation of and new progress in the poverty alleviation and development work, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region successively issued the“Several Opinions on Making Innovations and Strengthening Poverty Alleviation and Development Work”(Gui Fa [2014] No. 12), the“Implementation Opinions of the People’s Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region on Reforming the Financial Anti-poverty Funds Management Mechanism”(Gui Zheng Fa [2014] No. 34) and the“Measures of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the Management of Financial Anti-poverty Funds”(Gui Cai Nong [2014] No.272), etc. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region distributed the financial poverty relief funds (including the poverty-relief funds of the central and regional governments) into the counties (cities, districts, hereinafter referred to as the counties) based on the estimation by factor method. Based on local actual situation and the annual anti-poverty task, the local governments made arrangements on the use of the funds. Poverty alleviation projects were approved by the county government, then submitted to the regional and city poverty alleviation departments and financial departments for registration. The regional and city governments were mainly responsible for the formulation of poverty alleviation planning, the supervision of relevant funds and projects, work guidance and poverty alleviation performance evaluation, etc. Giving full play to the monitoring role of audit, we selected two or three national key counties for poverty alleviation and development for the special fund audit work, and adopted effective measures to address the problems discovered in the audit.

【“Shibaiqian”industrial demonstration project】Constructed at least ten characteristic, efficient planting demonstration bases of more than 1,000 mu in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region with each base covering at least 1,000 rural households; supported the cultivation of 100 poverty alleviation leading enterprises with sales revenue of more than 100 million yuan and a strong leading role in 2013, double the poor villages and rural households covered by the project by the end of the“12th Five-Year Plan”period, striving to double the income of the rural households; through the demonstration base and the poverty alleviation leading enterprises, striving to make at least 1,000 poor villages the model villages for industrialization-based poverty reduction and make the rural per capita income of the poor in the model village double the figure in 2010.

【Financial poverty alleviation】In 2014, the Poverty Alleviation Office of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the Regional Department of Finance, Financial Office, Nanning Central Branch of the People’s Bank of China and the Banking Regulatory Bureau jointly issued the“Implementation Plan on Baiwanqian Project for Financial Poverty Alleviation in Guangxi”to promote the innovations in financial poverty alleviation mode. The number of pilot counties for poverty alleviation microfinance rewards and subsidies increased from 10 to 20. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region issued poverty-relief project funds of 1.96 billion yuan to poverty alleviation leading enterprises and small loans of 784 million yuan to the poor. The number of project villages for mutual funds of impoverished villages increased to 510, 20 million yuan of mutual funds were increased and the total mutual funds mounted to 98.14 million yuan. Support the development of farmers’planting, aquaculture, tourism reception and processing of agricultural products and increase the income of the rural households by 500 yuan per capita.

【Infrastructure construction】In 2014, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region invested 740 million yuan of special financial funds for poverty alleviation to support the construction of 1899 village roads of 1702.7 km; completed the construction of 1835 village roads of 1612 km as a practical thing done for the people, with an increase of 835 roads of 612 km. Continued to promote the implementation of the poverty alleviation projects in the poor old revolutionary base areas supported by central public lottery funds, newly built and hardened village roads of 407.36 km, and built production and household-linkage roads of 47.87, 152 reservoirs, 107 village garbage collection centers and 21 biogas digesters.

【Poverty alleviation in the contiguous destitute areas】In 2014, the relevant departments of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region increased investment in poverty reduction. The regional department of finance arranged more than 17.5 billion yuan for the poverty reduction in Yunnan-Guangxi-Guizhou rocky contiguous destitute area. The regional development and reform commission and forestry department strengthened the stony desertification transformation, implemented the“Lvmanbagui”afforestation projects and the project of returning farmland to forest, reducing the rocky area of Guangxi by 19% compared to the figure five years ago, and Buangxi was one of the provinces (autonomous regions) of China with the most significant progress made in the reduction of stony desertification area and its forest coverage rate rose to 67.8%. The regional transport department invested 3.57 billion yuan to construct highroads of 3777 km in the contiguous destitute areas, including village cement roads of 2764 km. The regional department of water resources arranged subsidy funds of 1.53 billion yuan, completed the renovation of dilapidated houses for 79800 rural households, raised the subsidy standard for renovation of dilapidated houses to 19200 yuan per household and addressed the housing safety problem of more than 300,000 poor residents. The regional department of education invested 4.919 billion yuan, newly built and reconstructed the infrastructure of rural primary and secondary schools, and the rural compulsory education students’nutrition improvement plan benefited 1.087 million primary and secondary school students. The regional department of land and resources invested 680 million yuan in the land rectification of poor areas and incorporated 29 counties in contiguous destitute areas into the coverage of the key geological disaster prevention and control. The regional department of agriculture, forestry department, science and technology department and aquatic animal husbandry and veterinary bureau vigorously supported the industry poverty alleviation in the contiguous destitute areas to boost the development of special advantage industries.