Key Work

【Industrial poverty alleviation】LGOP and the Ministry of Agriculture issued a document and proposed to promote the development of agricultural industry in contiguous destitute areas, making clear the principles and key points for helping poor households. On May 23, 2016, the national video and telephone conference on industrial poverty alleviation was held. Vice Premier of the State Council Wang Yang attended and addressed the event, making arrangements for meeting the overall requirements and completing the key tasks of industrial poverty alleviation in the new era. According to the requirements of the conference, in order to achieve poverty reduction goals, we should develop industries based on local conditions, follow the laws of market and industry development, actively make innovations to the way of industrial poverty alleviation and ensure that the poor will benefit from it for a long time. In conjunction with the SASAC, LGOP successfully completed the establishment of the industrial fund of central enterprises in the poor areas and put it into operation on October 17-the“Poverty Alleviation Day”. As of the end of December, the balance of the fund was 12273 billion yuan. Participated in the preparation of the chapter about poverty alleviation of the “13th Five-Year Plan” of the State Forestry Administration and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and further implemented the requirements of targeted poverty reduction in the column of industrial poverty alleviation. 
In order to guide the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation in various regions, we launched pilot projects in industrial poverty alleviation, and explored ways of making overall use of financial and social poverty alleviation funds, decentralizing management authority, and promoting policy-based finance to serve poor villages so as to meet the villages’ demands for productive infrastructure and village level industrial development funds. In Shaanxi Province, we carried out the pilot work of targeted poverty alleviation in the agricultural industry, explored the mode of entrusting supply and marketing groups to allocate financial funds to the agricultural production and business projects through allotment of shares and give the equity income to poor households, providing new experience for improving the system of poverty alleviation with assets income. In accordance with the requirements of lifting one batch of poor people out of poverty through ecological protection, we held the on-site meeting participated by relevant comrades of some provinces (autonomous regions) in Hangji Banner of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Zhenfeng County of Guizhou Province, summarized the practice of sand controlling in deserted areas and the development of broussonetia papyrifera industry in stony desertification areas, and explored new approaches to combining ecological protection with industry development in deserted and stony desertification areas. 
In 2016, LGOP discovered 59 typical cases of industrial poverty alleviation and summarized Shandong’s experience of“Shuangdao”in PV poverty alleviation -“property rights to villages and income to households”, Hebei’s“golden chicken mode”of poverty alleviation -“government financing for factory building, poverty relief funds investment as equity participation, business leasehold, benefit sharing by poor people, benefiting collective economy”, Hunan’s poverty reduction mode of“funds following the poor, the poor following capable people, capable people following industrial projects, and industrial projects following the market”and Guizhou’s poverty reduction mode of“turning rural resources into assets, turning funds into shares, and turning farmers into shareholders”. 
(Zhou Xiang, Department and Development and Guidance, LGOP)
【Financial poverty alleviation】 In conjunction with the People’s Bank of China and other departments, LGOP issued three general policy documents to clarify the overall requirements and assessment methods of accurate financial poverty alleviation. In conjunction with China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission, LGOP issued three policy documents on financial poverty alleviation by various sectors to urge financial institutions to support poverty alleviation. To further enhance the rate of lending to the registered poor, support poverty alleviation leading enterprises and cooperatives to develop industries to increase the income of poor households, and provide financial support for pro-poor relocation, LGOP issued seven operational documents. 28 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) increased poverty alleviation microcredit loans of 164.5 billion yuan in 2016 and issued a total of 277.2 million yuan of microcredit loans to 4.69 million poor households, covering 17% of the registered poor. A total of 76.8 billion yuan of poverty-relief reloan was issued in 2016. China Development Bank and Agricultural Development Bank of China respectively issued 28.1 billion yuan and 39 billion yuan of special bonds in 2016, totaling 67.1 billion yuan, for the poverty-relief relocation. The work of financial assistance to targeted poverty alleviation has been fully launched, and the supporting policies are being constantly improved. 
LGOP Director General Liu Yongfu attended five meetings held jointly by LGOP, the People’s Bank of China, China Insurance Supervision and Administration Commission, Agricultural Development Bank of China and the National Tourism Administration, and delivered important speeches on the implementation of the central government’s decisions and the implementation of the documents issued jointly by relevant departments. LGOP Deputy Director General On Qingping attended five meetings held jointly by LGOP, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the National Energy Administrative, China Banking Regulatory Commission, the National Development Bank, China Life Insurance Group and the People’s Insurance Company (Group) of China Limited, and put forward clear requirements for promoting labor transfer, the construction of village-level photovoltaic power stations, financial institutions’ responsibility performing, promoting development-oriented finance to serve poor villages and households, etc. The financial and industrial departments of various provinces and autonomous regions issued opinions and measures for implementing relevant documents, and the policy effect of the documents issued by the relevant central authorities is becoming obvious. Jointly with the Agricultural Development Bank of China, LGOP launched pilot project of policy-based financial poverty alleviation in Baise City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Baoding City of Hebei Province, Bijie City of Guizhou Province and Ankang City of Shaanxi Province, explored ways of making overall use of financial and social poverty alleviation funds, decentralizing management authority, and promoting policy-based finance to serve poor villages so as to meet the villages’ demands for productive infrastructure and village-level industrial development funds, summarized the experience of Guizhou, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Henan and Hunan in poverty alleviation microfinance, forming six typical cases, and summarized the advanced experience of Ganzou City of Jiangxi Province in commercial supplementary insurance for major disease treatment, Hebei’s experience in government-banking-corporate cooperation for household insurance, Chongqing’s experience in commercial supplementary medical insurance, Ningxia’s experience in“poverty alleviation insurance”, etc., forming 12 typical cases. 
(Zhou Xiang, Department and Development and Guidance, LGOP)
【Poverty alleviation by e-commerce】Poverty alleviation by e-commerce brought Internet thinking, information technology and modern logistics to poor areas, and provided a new way for addressing poverty reduction problem in impoverished regions. In 2016, the local governments of various regions profoundly implemented the strategy of targeted poverty alleviation by e-commerce, targeting at the registered poor, focusing on development of agricultural products, intensified the construction of grassroots online shops in impoverished villages, took poor areas to the fast lane of development under the environment of Internet economy, promoted the income growth of poor households and boosted local agricultural industrialization and the comprehensive development of various undertakings.
Ⅰ. Strengthened Top-level Design for Poverty Alleviation by E-commerce
To implement the spirit of the“Decision of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”and the“Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Development of E-commerce in Rural Areas”, in November 2016, LGOP, the National Development and Reform Commission, Central Network Security and Information Leading Group Office, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Agriculture, the People’s Bank of China, China Banking Regulatory Commission, the Central Committee of Communist Youth League of China, All-China Women’s Federation, China Disabled Persons’ Federation, All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives and  China Post Group Corporation jointly issued the“Guiding Opinions on Promoting Targeted Poverty Alleviation by E-commerce”and made deployments for the poverty alleviation by e-commerce from nine aspects, namely the improvement of e-commerce infrastructure in poor areas, the development of characteristic industries, the training of e-commerce talents, e-commerce employment and entrepreneurship, service system construction, demonstration online shop construction, informatization transformation and upgrading, cooperation between the east and the west, and consumption-based poverty alleviation. Accelerate the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation by e-commerce, gradually achieve full coverage of poor regions with certain conditions, construct at least 60,000 stations for poverty alleviation by e-commerce in impoverished villages by 2020, accounting for about 50% of the total impoverished villages nationwide, support the construction of at least 40,000 online shops for poverty alleviation by e-commerce, and double the annual sales of rural e-commerce in poor counties compared to 2015. 
To thoroughly implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important instruction on poverty alleviation through the Internet, Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs, the National Development and Reform Commission and LGOP jointly issued the“Action Plan for Poverty Alleviation through the Internet”, and proposed to implement five major projects in poor areas, namely the“Internet covering project, the rural e-commerce project, the Internet intelligence support project, information service project and public welfare Internet project. Pilot projects of poverty alleviation through the Internet were launched in seven provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), namely Jiangxi Province, Sichuan Province, Guizhou Province, Tibet Autonomous Region, Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province and Chongqing City (Chengkou County and Fengjie County).
The Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Commerce and LGOP jointly issued the“Notice on the Implementation of Demonstration of E-commerce in Rural Areas in 2016”and identified 240 counties for the project implementation, including 158 poor counties for national poverty alleviation, accounting for 66% of the total. 
Ⅱ. Targeted Poverty Alleviation by E-commerce Achieved Initial Results
Longnan City launched pilot project of poverty alleviation by e-commerce and achieved good results, and summarized six experiences in the work—“adhering to government-driven to make breakthrough in poverty alleviation by e-commerce; adhering to market operation and constructing the online sales system of agricultural products; adhering to poverty reduction-oriented and establishing the mechanism for poverty reduction through online shops; adhering to talent development and organizing trainings at all levels; adhering to improving services and establishing the service system of poverty alleviation by e-commerce; and adhering to micro media marketing to cultivate brands for online sales of agricultural products”, affirmed by all circles of society. Premier Li Keqiang and Vice Premier Wang Yang made important instructions to the pilot work, and asked relevant departments to sum up and popularize the experience. Longnan’s experience in poverty alleviation by e-commerce is operable and replicable, and is extensive and sustainable in helping the poor increase income. On October 16, 2016, Longnan was titled as the Demonstration City of Poverty Alleviation by E-commerce. 
In January 2016, LGOP signed a“Framework Agreement on the Strategic Cooperation in Targeted Poverty Alleviation by E-commerce”with a big e-commerce enterprise-Beijing Jingdong Century Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as JD). According to the agreement, JD launched pilot work of poverty alleviation by e-commerce in 200 national poor counties and implemented targeted poverty alleviation in four fields, namely industry, entrepreneurship, employment and finance. As of December, JD had opened a total of 64 online special local product shops and held e-commerce trainings for 100,000 person-times in poor areas, addressing the employment problem of 20,000 people in poor areas. 
LGOP held the forum on poverty alleviation by e-commerce jointly with the Department of Market Construction of the Ministry of Commerce, the Department of Market and Economic Information of the Ministry of Agriculture, and the Information Development Bureau of Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace, etc. More than 200 people attended the forum, including experts of the relevant ministries and local governments, representatives of relevant enterprises and leaders in e-business. The forum guided China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation to establish the“National Shared Value Alliance of ‘Internet plus Poverty Alleviation’”jointly with Suning Corporation, JD, Alibaba Network Technology Co., Ltd., Information Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and Apple Inc., issued the“Declaration of the National Shared Value Alliance of ‘Internet plus Poverty Alleviation’”; guided JD to sign the“Memorandum on Cooperation in Consumption-based Poverty Alleviation”with Youchange China Social Entrepreneur Foundation, and launched the first Poverty Alleviation Consumption Day, advocating consumers to boost poverty reduction by buying agricultural products of impoverished regions. 
Ⅲ. Characteristic Practices of Poverty Alleviation by E-commerce in Various Regions
Hebei Province has built integrated county-level e-commerce platforms, and set up the county-level e-business centers in 62 poor counties with JD, Suning and ULE as the core, integrating product supply, quality inspection, cargo storage, logistics and distribution, as well as e-business training. Shanxi Province incorporated poverty alleviation by e-commerce into the overall planning and work system of poverty reduction, developed the“Action Plan of Shanxi Province for Poverty Alleviation by E-commerce”,“2016 Action Plan of Shanxi Province for Poverty Alleviation by E-commerce”and “2017 Action Plan of Shanxi Province for Poverty Alleviation by E-commerce”, clarified the overall objectives, tasks and safeguard measures of poverty alleviation by e-commerce in the province, and promoted the full implementation of poverty alleviation by e-commerce. Jiangxi Province issued subsidies for the poverty reduction work of the stations, cooperatives and personnel training for poverty alleviation by e-commerce; the postal companies invested more than 100 million yuan in building postal roads in poor counties and increased post roads in the stations and impoverished villages for poverty alleviation by e-commerce. Guizhou Province vigorously held trainings of talents for poverty alleviation by e-commerce, established the e-commerce development research center and the research and training agencies such as the one hundred lectures, and held trainings of rural e-commerce talents for 275,000 person-times.
(Jiang Weike, Department of Social Poverty Alleviation, LGOP)
【Tourism-based poverty alleviation】In August 2016, 12 departments, including LGOP and the National Tourism Administration jointly issued the“Circular on the Issuance of the ‘Action Plan for Rural Tourism-based Poverty Alleviation’”, and clearly proposed to lift 22600 registered impoverished villages, 2.3 million poor households and 7.47 million poor people of 25 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) out of poverty through the development of rural tourism industry during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, and give top priority to the tourism-based poverty reduction in impoverished villages in the development of rural tourism during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, and take“promoting village development through the development of scenic areas and increasing the income of poor households driven by capable persons”as a basic way to boost the development of tourism-based poverty reduction. Launched pilot project of tourism-based poverty reduction of impoverished villages in Laishui County of Hebei Province, and summarized the experience of“promoting village development through the development of scenic areas, increasing the income of poor households driven by capable persons, mobilizing the enthusiasm of the masses, establishing the interest mechanism, encouraging the involvement of poor people, and carrying forward distinctive culture”. This experience has become the guiding principle for tourism-based poverty alleviation in poor areas.
In conjunction with the National Tourism Administration, LGOP held in Zhangbei County of Hebei Province the“Second National Work Conference on Rural Tourism and Tourism-based Poverty Alleviation”on August 18. LGOP Director General Liu Yongfu and President Li Jinzao of the National Tourism Administration attended and addressed the event. According to the conference, we must do solid work for actual effects in the tourism-based poverty alleviation, earnestly implement the rural tourism-based poverty alleviation planning and the supporting policies, cultivate leaders of tourism-based poverty alleviation in impoverished villages and make propagandas for advanced models in the tourism-based poverty alleviation in poor villages.
 (Zhou Xiang, Department and Development and Guidance, LGOP)
【Poverty alleviation through photovoltaic power generation 】At the end of March 2016, LGOP issued the“Opinions on the Implementation of Poverty Alleviation through Photovoltaic Power Generation”jointly with five departments such as the National Development and Reform Commission and National Energy Administration, made clear the coverage and assignment of responsibility of poverty alleviation through photovoltaic power generation; coordinated Agricultural Development Bank of China to issue the“Measures for Loans Management for Poverty Alleviation through Photovoltaic Power Generation (Trial)”in May to provide preferential financial guarantee for poverty alleviation through photovoltaic power generation; issued the“Outline for the Preparation of Implementation Plan of Poverty Alleviation through Photovoltaic Power Generation”to provinces jointly with National Energy Administration in May, and guided local governments to report projects that meet the conditions for construction. In October, after reviewing the implementation plans of local governments for poverty alleviation through photovoltaic power generation, the National Energy Administration announced the first batch of project indicators and made clear the size (total: 5.16 million kilowatts, including 2.18 million kilowatts for village-level photovoltaic plants) and coverage (14 provinces, involving 556 thousand poor households) of this batch of projects of poverty alleviation through photovoltaic power generation. LGOP held the work conference on promoting the poverty alleviation through photovoltaic power generation in six provinces, and held talks with the relevant comrades of the National Energy Administration and the Design Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydropower of China, the relevant leaders of Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Qinghai, Hubei and Anhui, and the relevant comrades of counties concerned, solicited public opinions and developed the basic principles, framework and approaches of poverty alleviation through photovoltaic power generation, focusing on addressing problems. Also, we determined to promote the work mainly through the construction of village hydropower stations. Villages are responsible for distributing the income arising from power generation and strengthening quality control. Meanwhile, we implemented the power grid access and financial subsidy policy to ensure the income growth of poor households.
As of the end of December 2016, power stations of 1.89 million kw (including 638,000 kw for village power stations) were built for the poverty alleviation through photovoltaic power generation, and power stations of 6.27 million kw  (including 187,000 kw for village power stations) are being constructed, which are expected to lift more than 500,000 poor households out of poverty and increase their income by 3,000 yuan per household. 
(Zhou Xiang, Department and Development and Guidance, LGOP)
【Poverty alleviation by planting broussonetia papyrifera】 In October 2016, LGOP Director General Liu Yongfu put forward clear requirements for promoting poverty alleviation by planting broussonetia papyrifera at the symposium on poverty reduction in stony desertification areas held in Zhenfeng County of Guizhou Province. Department of Development and Guidance of LGOP is responsible for contacting the relevant ministries and commissions in the poverty alleviation by planting broussonetia papyrifera, China Poverty-Alleviation Promotion of Volunteer Service is responsible for mobilizing social resources for the work, and China Poverty Alleviation and Development Center is responsible for promoting the work. China Poverty Alleviation and Development Center prepared the“National Program for Promoting the Implementation of Poverty Alleviation by Planting Broussonetia Papyrifera”, which was adopted at the LGOP work conference.
Since it was launched, the poverty alleviation by planting broussonetia papyrifera has achieved remarkable results: First, people have a better understanding of poverty alleviation by planting broussonetia papyrifera. At the beginning, people had different understanding of broussonetia papyrifera and the reason why we should develop broussonetia papyrifera industry. After one year of propaganda, people began to accept it and are willing to get involved after seeing the initial results. Second, the development scale has been expanding steadily. As of the end of 2016, poverty alleviation by planting broussonetia papyrifera was launched in 35 counties of 11 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) such as Guizhou and Anhui, with a broussonetia papyrifera planting area of 150,000 mu, increasing the income of 40,000 registered poor people. The nursery base was set up, including 70 greenhouses, 7 tissue culture bases and nearly 2,000 square meters of tissue culture room. Third, initial results have been achieved. We gradually explored the driving mode of integrating farmers’ breeding and planting, company + farmers, company + cooperatives + farmers, and labor income of poor households, and actively explored the combination with the poverty alleviation with assets income, striving to increase the income of poor households through various channels. Zhenfeng County of Guizhou Province-a southern stony desertification area, for example, has encouraged 1247 registered poor households to plant broussonetia papyrifera with support from capable persons, big households and farmers’ cooperatives, and the poor households’ annual income reached more than 3100 yuan per capita, higher than the annual income of 1435 yuan per mu arising from silage corn planting and the annual income of 1800 yuan per mu arising from medicago sativa planting. As a result, the poor will have stable income for 15 to 20 years. Leading enterprises and specialized cooperatives invited 292 registered poor households to work in Broussonetia papyrifera processing businesses, and the annual salary per capita of these poor people exceeded 27,000 yuan. Fourth, it is an effective way to control rocky desertification. Hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera planting in stony desertification areas has obvious greening effect. During the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, among the 200 key counties for rocky desertification control identified by the state, 140 were poor counties. Poverty alleviation by planting broussonetia papyrifera is an effective way to combining poverty reduction with rocky desertification control. 
(Liu Yi, China Poverty Alleviation and Development Center)
【Leading enterprises-driven projects】To meet the requirements of“improving the poverty alleviation leading enterprise identification system and enhancing the enterprises’ ability to help the poor increase income”of the“Decision of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”, in 2016, in accordance with the basic strategy of targeted poverty reduction, adhering to the principle of results-oriented poverty reduction, we established and improved the poverty reduction system and the interest linkage mechanism, continued to improve the financial poverty alleviation policy and employment poverty alleviation policy, establish and improve the banking- government-enterprise docking system, and further guided all kinds of leading enterprises to carry out targeted industrial poverty alleviation in the poverty-stricken areas.
First, policy guidance. In March 2016, LGOP and the People’s Bank of China jointly issued the“Notice on the Establishment of Poverty Alleviation Relending”, clarified that poverty alleviation re-lending funds should be first used to support local enterprises that help the poor in finding jobs and development, actively guided and urged leading enterprises to target at poor households in impoverished regions and carried out targeted poverty reduction. 
Second, case guidance. Actively guided and supported specialized leading enterprises with brand and market in various industry to set up planting bases and processing bases in poverty-stricken areas and carry out distributed and customized targeted industrial poverty alleviation. In 2016, by holding on-site observation meetings and industrial poverty alleviation matchmaking conference, we urged the Party committees and governments of poor areas to cooperate with Elion Resources Group and DQY, copied and promoted the typical practices of“poverty alleviation through sand control”and“poverty alleviation through golden chicken breeding”, promoted targeted industrial poverty alleviation and achieved good results.
Third, honor commendation system guidance. Established and improved the social honor commendation system, carried social appraisal and centralized rewarding activities on special days such as October 17, and commended and publicized the enterprises and entrepreneurs that effectively boosted the development of local industries and made outstanding contributions to the income growth of poor households, such as Evergrande Real Estate Group Ltd, Dalian Wanda Group Co., Ltd. and Elion Resources Group, aiming to enhance the reputation and influence and improve the brand value of these enterprises. 
(Zhou Xiang, Department and Development and Guidance, LGOP)
【Vocational education and training】In conjunction with the Ministry of Education, LGOP issued 3 documents. First, formulated the“13th Five-Year Plan for Education-based Poverty Reduction”to promote education development in the poorest areas, the weakest links and the most vulnerable groups and coordinate the implementation of“one kindergarten for one village”in 128,000 impoverished villages nationwide. Second, formulated the“Action Plan for East-west Cooperation in Vocational Education (2016-2020)”, achieved the full coverage of poor areas in the east-west cooperation in vocational education, and urged key vocational schools to recruit students from poor areas. Third, introduced the“Opinions on Tuition Exemption for the Students from Registered Needy Families from Pre-school Education to Higher Education”. The introduction of the above policies provided a full range of preferential support for the children of registered poor households from pre-school education to higher education. Education-based poverty alleviation has basically set up a policy system to block the intergenerational transmission of poverty.
In conjunction with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, LGOP issued two documents. First, issued the“Notice on Carrying out Skills Training in One Thousand Schools for Poverty Alleviation”, intensified the implementation of the vocational skills upgrading plan, and appointed 1,000 key vocational schools to recruit students from poor areas. Second, issued the guiding opinions on promoting the employment-based income growth of the registered poor households, and developed policy measures to achieve labor transfer and stable employment of the poor working outside local province or in other counties of the province or in the local counties. In 2016, 4.8 million poor people had a record of payment for employment transfer in our country.
LGOP issued the“Implementation Plan of Poverty Alleviation by Science and Technology”
jointly with the Ministry of Science and Technology, and issued the“Implementation Plan for Science and Technology to Boost Targeted Poverty Alleviation”jointly with China Association for Science and Technology, and mobilized the scientific community to carry out special action of science and technology correspondents in impoverished villages and the special action of establishing science and technology associations in poor towns, promoting the transfer of scientific and technological talents registered impoverished villages. 
In accordance with the instructions given by Vice Premier Wang Yang, LGOP launched pilot work of labor cooperation in Guangdong, Hunan and Hubei jointly with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and explored the establishment of a work mechanism and policy measures to promote the employment-based poverty reduction among the rural registered poor under the new situation. The pilot work has been successfully completed and achieved the desired goal, forming replicable and propagable experience.
(Zhou Xiang, Department and Development and Guidance, LGOP)
【Training of leaders in getting rich through entrepreneurship in poor villages】Continued to hold pilot training in Fujian, Gansu and Ningxia, improved the training mode of“1+11”, launched the pilot training in Guangdong and Guangxi, organized eastern rich villages to support the western impoverished villages, cultivated village-level micro enterprises and leaders in becoming rich, and explored the pattern of“training following industries, capable persons following poor people,  poverty reduction and building a well-off society”. 
Cooperated with the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee to promote the cultivation of the leaders in becoming rich through entrepreneurship in impoverished villages. According to the spirit of the Work Conference on Party Building to Promote Poverty Reduction in Contiguous Destitute Areas held by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region on May 15, and the requirements made by Zhao Leji, head of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, jointly with the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, LGOP made clear the training objectives and work plan for the cultivation of leaders in getting rich through entrepreneurship in poor villages-To cultivate about three leaders in getting rich through entrepreneurship in each impoverished village on average, ensure that each poor village is equipped with at least one strong such leader, and promote the work through the pattern of“three one-batch”: cultivate one batch with support from the east, cultivate one batch with support from the rich, and cultivate one batch through organizations and poverty alleviation departments at all levels; establish some training bases of leaders in getting rich in the towns and administrative villages of eastern developed regions, and make it an important part of the east-west pairing-off poverty alleviation. 
Carried out field survey and continued to summarize the successful experience and typical practices of various regions. Selected nine typical cases as the first batch, including not only the cases in the pilot work in Fujian, Gansu, Ningxia, Guangdong and Guangxi, but also the cases in the talent introduction project of Chongqing and the“two leaders project”in Xihaigu of Ningxia. 
Carried out policy study and cooperated with the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Science and Technology as well as the financial sector to develop high-quality practical measures to promote the work. 
(Zhou Xiang, Department and Development and Guidance, LGOP)
【Ex-situ poverty-relief relocation】In 2016, according to the guideline of“focusing on both ends and letting go of the middle”, the National Development and Reform Commission (hereinafter referred to as“NDRC”), LGOP and the relevant departments and local governments continued to push forward the relocation work, worked together to tackle problems, continued to strengthen planning guidance, introduced supporting policies, intensified financial security, improved the working mechanism and achieved a good start of the ex-situ poverty-relief relocation work in the new era. 
（Ⅰ）Issuing and implementing the planning on relocation during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. The National Development and Reform Commission took the lead to prepare the“National Planning on Ex-situ Poverty-relief Relocation during the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”(hereinafter referred to as the“Planning”), and issued the“Planning”in September with approval of the State Council. With targeted poverty reduction as the core, adhering to the combination between relocation and poverty alleviation, the“Planning”made clear the guiding ideology, objectives, tasks, relocation objects, construction tasks, capital operation and safeguard measures of ex-situ poverty-relief relocation during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, put forward five ways to reduce poverty, namely the development of characteristic agriculture and animal husbandry, the development of labor service, the development of modern service industry, the poverty alleviation with asset returns and the social security, and is the program of action to guide the ex-situ relocation in various regions. To strengthen the planning guidance, the National Development and Reform Commission urged and guided the local governments to prepare the plan synchronously, and clarified the working timetable and road map, forming a top-down poverty-relief relocation planning system.
（Ⅱ）Comprehensively establishing the policy system of“four beams and eight columns”. In 
terms of housing construction, NDRC and LGOP jointly issued the“Notice on Strict Control of Housing Construction Area for Ex-situ Relocation”and made clear that the per capita housing area of the relocated households shall not exceed 25 square meters, preventing the poor from bearing a heavy debt due to relocation. In terms of land policy, the Ministry of Land and Resources issued the“Notice on Making Good Use of the Increase-Decrease Linking Policy to Actively Support Poverty Alleviation and Development and Ex-situ Relocation”, and allowed the transfer of remaining targets of land increase-decrease linkage within the province. As for financial policy, the people’s Bank of China developed the financing scheme for credit in time and clarified the amount, way and period of issuance of special financial debt and the interest rate of the loan. The People’s Bank of China, the National Development and Reform Commission, China Banking Regulatory Commission and LGOP jointly issued the“Notice on Accelerating the Issuance of Credit Funds for Ex-situ Relocation in 2016”to further optimize the loan management, accelerate credit loan application and approval, and promote the timely delivery of credit funds. The National Development Bank and the Agricultural Development Bank of China respectively issued policies to continuously refine and improve the credit-related support policy. As for fiscal policy, the Ministry of Finance and LGOP jointly issued the“Notice on Financial Discount Subsidy Issuance for the Loans Supporting Ex-situ Relocation”to regulate the issuance of long-term discount loans for ex-situ relocation, the discount subsidies, the loan repayment period and the management and use of the discount funds, and made clear that the central government shall issue discount subsidy of 90% for the loans of 200 billion yuan in 2016 and 2017. 
（Ⅲ）Making timely arrangements of the relocation task and funds. The National Development and Reform Commission arranged the task of relocating 2.49 million people in 2016 jointly with the relevant departments, arranged 19.36 billion yuan of the central government’s budget and issued it to the relevant counties, arranged annual discount loans of 82.85 billion yuan and allocated 50 billion yuan of special construction funds for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period for relocation. The Ministry of Finance arranged 100 billion yuan of local government debt. Guided 22 provinces to newly launch or appoint provincial investment and financing companies to undertake various kinds of credit funds, and urged the provincial people’s governments to sign the service procurement agreement with the provincial investment and financing platforms, striving to regulate the operation of relocation funds from the policy and system perspectives.
（Ⅳ）Strengthening supervision, inspection and assessment. Strengthened supervision, guida-
nce and inspection and organized 22 provinces to carry out self-inspection. More than 50 provincial inspection teams carried out site inspection over 1436 resettlement points and 537 emigration points in 440 counties, paid visits to 2912 registered poor households and interviewed 10856 registered poor people, completing the first“physical examination”of the relocation work in the new era. Set up working groups to carry out field survey and give guidance on the relocation work in the relevant provinces, issued opinions on rectification work to 12 provinces to timely address the problem of unhealthy tendencies. Improved the supervision and assessment mechanism. The National Development and Reform Commission and LGOP jointly issued and implemented the“Interim Measures for the Assessment of Relocation Work”, which stresses the assessment of the relocation work by governments at all levels. Introduced the“Interim Measures for the Supervision and Management of Special Construction Funds for Poverty-relief Relocation”and the“Measures for the Management of Central Budget Investment for Poverty-relief Relocation”, forming the mechanism of regulating the audit before relocation, strengthening supervision during the relocation and carrying out strict assessment after relocation, achieving the whole-process supervision. 
（Ⅴ）Holding the national on-the-spot meeting on ex-situ relocation for poverty reduction. Ap-
proved by the State Council, from August 22 to 23, LGOP held the National On-the-spot Conference on Poverty-relief Relocation in Guizhou Province. Premier Li Keqiang gave important instructions to the event and Vice Premier Wang Yang attended and addressed the meeting. 
（Ⅵ）Creating a good atmosphere for making joint efforts to reduce poverty. Through policy ad-
vocacy, special training, policy guidance, briefing, etc., the National Development and Reform Commission, LGOP, the relevant departments and local governments announced the state policies to the masses and grassroots cadres in a timely manner to lay a solid foundation for the work. Continued to strengthen the guidance of public opinion and the media publicity, and summarized and popularized the successful experience. 
In 2016, through the joint efforts of the relevant central departments and local governments, the ex-situ relocation work was pushed forward steadily, and 2.49 million registered poor people were successfully relocated. 
(Ren Xinxin, National Development and Reform Commission)
【Poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas】 Over the five years since the implementation of the development planning of contiguous destitute areas, under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, with joint efforts of the units responsible for contacting contiguous destitute areas, the relevant ministries and commissions and the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), the implementation of the planning was effectively pushed forward and remarkable results were achieved in the regional development and poverty reduction. In 2016, the number of rural poor residents in the 14 contiguous destitute areas was 21.82 million, with a decline of 6.93 million compared to 2015, the incidence of poverty was 10.5%, 3.4 percentage points down, and the per capita disposable income of rural residents in the contiguous destitute areas was 8348 yuan, with an increase of 823 yuan over 2015.
In 2016, according to the deployment and requirements of the central government, LGOP earnestly implemented the targeted poverty alleviation strategy and actively promoted the poverty reduction work in the contiguous destitute areas.
First, holding the fourth work conference on contacting the contiguous destitute areas. In May 2016, LGOP and NDRC jointly hold the fourth work conference on contacting the contiguous destitute areas, studied and implemented the spirit of the important instructions on poverty alleviation and development given by Xi Jinping and other leaders of the central government, announced the progress in the implementation of the development planning of the contiguous destitute areas, summarized the experience in contacting the contiguous destitute areas and made deployments for the next step of work. Deputy Director General of LGOP Zheng Wenkai attended the meeting and made a summary speech. The“Key Points of Contacting the Contiguous Destitute Areas in 2016”was issued to make clear the requirements for the contact work. 
Second, promoting the convergence of the provincial implementation planning of the contiguous destitute areas for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period at the national level. To accelerate the implementation of major projects listed in the development planning of the contiguous destitute areas for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, LGOP classified and summarized the national projects requiring approval of the central government of the provincial implementation planning of the contiguous destitute areas for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. On this basis, the NDRC and LGOP jointly issued the“Notice on Promoting the Convergence of the Provincial Implementation Planning of the Contiguous Destitute Areas for the“13th Five-Year Plan”Period at the National Level”and gave the list of projects concerned to the relevant commissions and ministries as well as the units responsible for contacting the contiguous destitute areas, striving to promote the two wheel-driven project linkage work. The relevant departments expressly agreed in the reply letter to incorporate nearly 100 projects into the“13th Five-Year”planning of the medium- or long-term planning of the relevant sectors. 
Third, holding the inter-ministerial meetings. The Ministry of Transport held the meeting on promoting the poverty reduction in Liupanshan Mountain Area. The Ministry of Education held the inter-ministerial meeting on poverty reduction in West Yunnan. The Ministry of Science and Technology, the State Railway Administration and China Railway Corporation jointly held the inter-ministerial meeting on promoting the regional development and poverty reduction in Qinba Mountain Area. The Ministry of Civil Affairs held the fourth inter-ministerial meeting on promoting the regional development and poverty reduction in Luoxiao Mountain Area. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology held the inter-ministerial meeting on promoting the poverty reduction in Yanshan-Taihang Mountain Area. The State Ethnic Affairs Commission coordinated and cooperated with the relevant departments to promote the construction of transportation, energy, water conservancy and livelihood projects in Wuling Mountain Area, and signed an agreement respectively with the National Tourism Administration, the National Development Bank and four provinces (municipalities) to promote the development-oriented financial and tourism-based poverty alleviation. The Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Science and Technology held the conference on promoting the implementation of development planning of the contiguous destitute areas jointly with the liaison units of the contiguous destitute areas such as the National Railway Administration, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Water Resources, the State Forestry Administration and China Railway Corporation. 
Fourth, organizing the preparation of the 2015 monitoring report on the implementation of the development planning of contiguous destitute areas. Combined with the reports on progress in poverty reduction in the contiguous destitute areas submitted by local governments, we designed the framework of the 2015 monitoring report, improved the monitoring indicators, and collected and summarized the“Main Results of National Rural Poverty Monitoring and Investigation”of the State Statistics Bureau and the relevant data submitted by local governments. Organized the relevant experts to carry out monitoring of the planning implementation of 14 contiguous destitute areas in 2015 based on full investigation and research, and prepare the“Monitoring Report of the Implementation of Regional Development and Poverty Alleviation in Contiguous Destitute Areas (2015)”. Through the annual monitoring of the planning implementation, we strived to make local governments have a comprehensive understanding of the progress in planning implementation, exchange experience, find problems and difficulties and make timely rectification so as to provide guidance and reference for the local governments to promote the smooth implementation of the provincial planning for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period more accurately. 
Fifth, guiding local governments to prepare the provincial implementation plans for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period and report to central government for registration. LGOP and NDRC jointly issued the“Notice on Reporting the Provincial Implementation Plans for the Regional Development and Poverty Reduction in Contiguous Destitute Areas As Soon As Possible”, pointed out the problems found in the drafts submitted by local governments and urged the local governments to complete the planning preparation work as soon as possible. On this basis, LOGP and NDRC jointly issued the“Notice on Relevant Requirements for Reporting the Provincial Implementation Plans for the Regional Development and Poverty Reduction in Contiguous Destitute Areas during the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”, made clear the reporting requirements, procedures and contents, and guided the provinces to launch the official reporting of the provincial implementation planning. Except Tibet, Anhui and Hebei, all other provinces have completed the plan reporting work. 
(Yu Ping, Department of Planning and Finance, LGOP)
【Pilot area of poverty alleviation reform】 To promote the poverty alleviation reform in the new era, the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development successively approved the establishment of six pilot areas for poverty alleviation reform, namely Fuxin City of Liaoning Province, Suqian City of Jiangsu Province, Lishui City of Zhejiang Province, Qingyuan City of Guangdong Province, Zibo City of Shandong Province and Sanming City of Fujian Province. In December 2016, LGOP held in Sanming of Fujian the work conference of pilot areas of poverty alleviation reform. A total of 70 people attended the meeting, including the relevant leaders of some eastern provinces, the principals and business division heads of the poverty alleviation offices of Liaoning, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shandong and Guangdong, the relevant leaders of the municipal governments and principals of the poverty alleviation offices of six pilot areas of poverty alleviation reform (Fuxin, Suqian, Lishui, Sanming, Zibo and Qingyuan), the relevant leaders of four pilot areas of rural reform with poverty reduction as the main experimental task, namely Xinyang City of Henan Province, Pingnan County of Fujian Province, Tiandong County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Bazhou District of Bazhong City in Sichuan Province, as well as the relevant principals of the experimental departments of rural reform in these regions. 
Huang Qiyu-Vice Governor of Fujian Province, Zhao Runtian-Vice Governor of Shandong Province, and the leaders of the poverty alleviation offices of six eastern provinces delivered speeches on how to alleviating relative poverty in the eastern regions, and the relevant principals of ten pilot areas also made speeches to exchange ideas. The participants carried out field research on the poverty alleviation through the development of ecological industry in Jiangle County of Sanming City, the reform of financial poverty alleviation in Sha County and the entrepreneurship training of Sha County Snacks. 
(Zhou Xiang, Department and Development and Guidance, LGOP)
【Cadre trainings in poor areas】In 2016, taking the implementation of General Secretary of CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development as the primary task, starting from implementing the decisions of the central government on poverty alleviation, with the purpose to promote the implementation, in accordance with the principle of graded management and classified implementation set by the Organization Department of CPC Central Committee, focusing on demonstration work and system strengthening, the national, provincial, city and county-level trainings of poverty relief cadres were held nationwide, creating the integrated training pattern of the poverty alleviation training system, giving full play to the leading, basic and strategic role of cadre training, and providing personnel and intellectual support for key problem tackling in poverty reduction. LGOP held 31 demonstration trainings of domestic cadres for 3549 person-times, and held a training course on working in the United States for 14 cadres. 
（Ⅰ） The leadership attached great importance to it, achieving the integration of authority and demonstration. LGOP attached great importance to the education and training of poverty alleviation, and the main leaders personally arranged, participated and promoted the work, paid attention to the demonstration training and gave full play to the radiant role of the cadre training; changed large-scale training of poverty alleviation cadres to demonstration training, and focusing on the key objects of training. In March 2016, for example, the Organization Department of CPC Central Committee, LGOP and National School of Administration jointly held the provincial and ministerial symposium on winning the tough battle against poverty. A total of 73 people attended the event, including the relevant principals of the people’s government of all provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), the Xinjiang Construction Corps and the member units of the member units of the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development. At the same time, the department cadres’ symposium was held, and a total of 81 people attended the event, including relevant principals of the poverty alleviation departments and provincial poverty alleviation offices. Vice Premier Wang Yang gave lectures at the event and Secretary General of the State Council Yang Jing took charge of the mobilization work. The relevant leaders of the member units of LGOP Party Group, the Central Literature Research Center, the National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Water Resources, Health and Family Planning Commission, the People’s Bank of China, National Development Bank and other member units of the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development gave lectures for the training course or answered questions of the poverty alleviation cadres. The lectures given at the symposium were compiled into the“Readings on Targeted Poverty Alleviation to Win the Tough Battle against Poverty”, which was officially published later. After the seminar, 22 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) held a training course through this mode, which played a positive role in promoting relevant industries and departments’ poverty reduction work. For example, six demonstration training courses on the first secretary dispatch of central and organ states were held jointly with the Organization Department of CPC Central Committee. Also, we held the training course on“Party branch + poverty alleviation by e-commerce”and poverty-relief financial products for the twinned poor counties of LGOP, the national seminar on key problem tackling for poverty reduction, the training course of village-stationed poverty alleviation cadres and the training course on publicity and liaison work in poverty reduction, etc. 
（Ⅱ）Double harvest of pattern innovation and key problem tackling to promote development. First, give prominence to theoretical guidance and improve the ability and quality of the poverty alleviation cadres in an all-round way. Adhering to the main line of implementing General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development, combining business training with the Party’s mass line education and Party building activities such as“Two Studies, One Action”, we turned training into a platform of Party spirit improvement and a platform for research of grassroots poverty reduction situation, enhancing the sense of responsibility and sense of mission of the poverty relief cadres in winning the tough battle against poverty and improving their ability and quality for poverty reduction in an all-round way. Second, make innovations to the training modes and strive to improve the quality and effect of cadre education and training. Changed the training methods of traditional teaching and work deployment into case study, scene simulation, and discussion-oriented training, and combined theory learning with practice to meet the requirements of poverty reduction work so as to ensure the quality and effect of the trainings. 
（Ⅲ）Multiparty participation and the mutual promotion of teaching and training. Strengthened the cooperation between departments and held diversified trainings to form a join force. From simple trainings of poverty alleviation departments to the training course held jointly with the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, the Central Party School, the State Administration of Civil Service, the Office of Central Institutional Organization Commission and NGOs, from local training to interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral demonstration joint training, we fully mobilized all circles of society to get involved in poverty alleviation trainings and strengthened the transformation of the results of training courses on going abroad, gradually creating a grand pattern of poverty alleviation. 
（Ⅳ）Consensus building and pattern evolution to enhance the role of training. To make good use of the training resources nationwide and promote the orderly training on poverty alleviation, by organizing annual workshop on poverty alleviation training and the development of teaching materials, we strived to scientifically integrate and standardize the cadres of poverty alleviation system to carry out education and training work. First, strengthen inter-provincial exchanges and cooperation in training. We established the training resource sharing mechanism and assessment mechanism with all provinces to achieve cooperation and sharing of teachers, curriculum, teaching materials, investigation sites and experience and build a training network with complementary advantages and win-win cooperation. Second, strengthen the co-construction and sharing of the teacher resources. According to principle of combining internal resources with external resources, combining central organs with local departments, combining cadres with experts and scholars, and combining theoretical workers with practical workers, in cooperation with relevant provinces, we created a relatively stable teaching team with a rational structure and in an appropriate scale, which is composed of full-time teachers and part-time teachers. Third, strengthen the preparation of the teaching materials for poverty alleviation. We organized the demand-oriented development of teaching materials for poverty alleviation, and launched the preparation of teaching materials for poverty alleviation, such as the“Formation and Development of China’s Poverty Alleviation Theory”, the“Poverty Alleviation Strategy and Policy System”, the“Practical Exploration of Poverty Alleviation with Asset Returns”, the“Guidance for Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Impoverished Villages”, the“Targeted Poverty Alleviation Strategy-Readings for Grassroots Cadres”, the“Selected Cases of Leaders Training for Becoming Rich in Impoverished Villages”and“An Overview of Industrial Poverty Alleviation”. Fourth, carry out the training evaluation. Combined with the implementation of poverty alleviation cadre training plan, we developed the training evaluation index system and made assessment of the work effects in some provinces to improve the quality and effect of training. 
(Luo Airong, National Center for Poverty Alleviation Publicity and Education)
【Use of poverty-relief funds】In 2016, the central and provincial governments seriously studied central leaders’ important instructions on strengthening fund management and supervision, implemented the decisions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on strengthening fund management, continued to push forward the reform of the fund management mechanism, strengthened the fund supervision and management mechanism, promoted the integration of financial agricultural funds for poor counties, optimized the matching funds and strived to improve the efficiency of poverty relief funds.
Continuing to increase capital investment. In 2016, the provincial financial anti-poverty funds amounted to 115.44 billion yuan, with an increase of 37.73 billion yuan, up 48.5%, of which 66.1 billion yuan was from the central government, with an increase of 20 billion yuan, up 43.4%, and 49.35 billion yuan was the provincial matching funds, with an increase of 17.7 billion yuan, up 56.1%. Priorities were given to the western regions in the distribution of central government’s special poverty-relief funds, and the relief funds issued to 12 western provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) accounted for 66.2% of the total. 
Adhering to accurate use of funds. Implemented the basic strategy of targeted poverty alleviation and, on the basis of accurate identification of poverty-stricken people, linked fund use with the results of filing riser and with the poverty reduction effects, aiming to make the funds really benefit the poor. 
First, fund use for specific villages and households to enhance accuracy. In the light of the actual situation of poverty alleviation and development, local governments focused on cultivating and expanding characteristic industries, improving small public welfare facilities and production and living facilities and enhancing the self-development ability and risk tolerance ability of poor people, implemented various measures for different households and used the funds based on actual situation. According to the data submitted by various provinces at the end of 2016, 53% of the central financial anti-poverty funds were used for the registered poor, mainly to support the development of industries and promote capacity building through direct subsidy, poverty reduction with asset returns, credit support, support of leading enterprises and cooperatives, vocational education and training and poverty relief microfinance; 38% of the funds were used to support the construction of farmland, water conservancy facilities, village roads, drinking water projects, biogas and other energy projects, renovation of dilapidated buildings or housing; and 9% were used as financial poverty alleviation risk compensation funds, insurance and informatization as well as the management of the registered riser work.
Second, promoting the implementation of key poverty relief projects. According to the incomplete statistics of relevant provinces, among the central financial poverty-relief funds, 45.6% were used for the improvement projects (or entire village advancement) of impoverished villages, mainly supporting infrastructure construction, industry development and appearance improvement of poor villages; 7.6% were used as discount subsidies for ex-situ relocation and the development of follow-up industries; 3% were used for vocational education and training projects such as the Rain Plan, mainly supporting the vocational training of two kinds of backward students from needy families, labor transfer training and the training of leaders for becoming rich through entrepreneurship; 5.6% were used as discount subsidies for poverty alleviation microcredit loans; 11.3% for poverty alleviation with asset returns, and 26.9% for poverty alleviation by e-commerce, tourism-based poverty alleviation and the poverty alleviation through PV power generation, etc. 
Third, supporting the development of industry and the improvement of basic production and living conditions. Local governments increased efforts to support the development of characteristic advanced industries. About 50% of the central financial anti-poverty funds were directly used for industrial development; about 33% for the construction of farmland, water conservancy facilities, village roads, drinking water projects, biogas and other energy projects and the renovation of dilapidated buildings or housing to improve the basic production and living conditions of impoverished villages; and 17% were used as interest subsidy and risk funds of financial poverty alleviation, mainly supporting capacity building and insurance projects, etc. 
(Liu Mei, Department of Planning and Finance, LGOP)
【Supervision and management of poverty alleviation funds】Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC, the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council have attached great importance to strengthening the management of poverty alleviation funds, and the leading comrades of the central government have repeatedly made important instructions to the work. The State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development carried out research and made deployments on the supervision and management of poverty relief funds for many times. LGOP conscientiously studied and implemented the deployments, strengthened the supervision and management of anti-poverty funds as well as the discipline consciousness and rules awareness, improved the relevant system, and further standardized the use and management of relief funds to improve the efficiency of poverty relief funds. 
First, reforming the mechanism for the management of financial anti-poverty funds. According to the“Opinions of the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development on Reforming the Mechanism for the Management of Financial Poverty-relief Funds”, we linked fund use with the results of registered riser work to improve the accuracy of fund use, and accelerated the disbursement of relief funds. The central government issues relief funds for next year by the end of October every year, and the proportion of development funds issued in advance has been raised year by year, and rose from 72.9% in 2013 to 82.8% in 2016, with an increase of nearly ten percentage points. Also, we revised the measures for the management of the special funds for poverty alleviation issued by the central government jointly with the Ministry of Finance. 
Second, streamlining government, delegating authorities, and promoting the decentralization of project approval right to lower levels of governments. Took the initiative to advance reform to decentralize power, streamline administration and optimize government service and cleaned up special internal development funds and pilot projects. As of the end of 2016, LGOP canceled a total of five special programs, namely the interest subsidies for poverty relief loans (including the interest subsidies for rehabilitation-based poverty alleviation), the poverty alleviation by science and technology, the pilot program of Rain Plan, the pilot project of mutual funds, and the reserved project, and independently arranged ten pilot projects and tasks, involving 5.05 billion yuan. The proportion of relief funds and projects to be approved by county governments was raised from 70% in 2014 to 95% in 2016, and the autonomy of local governments for integrated use of funds was enhanced. 
Third, promoting the integration of agriculture-related funds. In 2016, the General Office of the State Council issued the“Opinions on Supporting the Implementation of Pilot Projects of Integrated Use of Financial Agriculture-related Funds in Poor Counties”. The Ministry of Finance and LGOP held the national video and telephone conference and on-the-spot promotion meeting, established a coordination mechanism for integration of funds, issued the notice on further promoting the integrated use of agriculture-related funds in poor counties, guided local governments to strengthen planning preparation for targeted poverty alleviation and develop poverty reduction projects, and urged local governments to accelerate the development of planning for integrated use of funds in poor counties. Eight ministries, including the Ministry of Finance, LGOP and State Auditing Administration, successively issued the documents for them to support integrated use of funds, and developed the planning for the integrated use of funds to ensure the funds are used really for poverty reduction. The 22 pilot provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) all formulated the implementation plans or guiding opinions. In 2016, 961 counties (including 792 poor counties) nationwide launched the pilot project of integrated use of financial agriculture-related funds in poor counties, integrated more than 230 billion yuan of agriculture-related funds for the county government to use according to the poverty reduction planning, striving to win the tough battle against poverty through the integration of resources in poor counties. 
Fourth, giving play to the role of the hotline“12317”in reporting problems in poverty alleviation. The hotline of 12317 was set up in December 2014 for the masses to report problems in poverty alleviation, including the problems in the management, distribution and use of poverty relief funds, in the management of poverty alleviation project implementation, as well as the embezzlement and misappropriation of poverty alleviation funds. By the end of 2016, a total of more than 13,000 phone calls were received, of which 9620 are reporting phone calls, including 169 about special poverty alleviation, accounting for 1.8%, 167 reported problems had been solved, 38 were proven to be law and discipline violations, and 25 people were punished. 
Fifth, strengthening supervision and performance evaluation jointly with the Ministry of Finance. In 2016, the 28 provinces that were assigned anti-poverty task by LGOP and the Ministry of Finance carried out a centralized inspection on the central and local special funds for poverty reduction since 2013, punished 1102 people in violation of disciplinary rules and transferred 129 people to judicial organs. In 2016, we carried out performance evaluation on the management and utilization of special funds for poverty alleviation in all provinces, incorporated the assessment results into the coverage of the assessment of the effectiveness of poverty alleviation and development work of provincial party committees and governments, and implemented the rewards and punishments measures. Also, we further highlighted the problem addressing-oriented work and revised the“Measures for Performance Evaluation of Financial Poverty-relief Funs”jointly with the Ministry of Finance. 
Sixth, improving the project fund announcement system. Announced pro-poor policies, work measures, the arrangements of funds and projects and the effectiveness of poverty alleviation to improve the efficiency and transparency of the use of funds. In order to promote the construction and implementation of the provincial announcement and publicity system, we incorporated the construction and implementation of the announcement and publicity system into the performance evaluation of annual financial anti-poverty funds. According to the results of performance evaluation in 2016, local governments publicly announced the use of more than 160 billion yuan of funds through the traditional methods of local mainstream media, portals and village bulletin boards, and the new methods of WeChat, SMS, etc. Guided the poverty reduction objects to get involved and respected and gave play to the leading role of poor people. 
Seventh, conscientiously promote the work of audit and rectification. In 2016, the State Audit Administration carried out special audit on the financial poverty relief funds of 40 counties in 17 provinces (municipalities). LGOP urged relevant local governments to make timely rectification, and all the problems found in the audit were addressed. We recovered 150 million yuan of relief funds that were illegally used, and the funds that were issued and re-arranged for project construction or for project rectification amounted to 843 million yuan. 62 systems were improved, 153 people received punishments for violation of party disciplines such as Party warning, administrative demerit and administrative dismissal, of whom 8 were transferred to judicial organs for investigation. 10 units were publicly criticized, and 11 units were shut down for rectification. 
Eighth, supporting the accountability for supervision and discipline execution in the field of poverty reduction. Studied and implemented the spirit of the work conference of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection on accountability for supervision and discipline execution in the field of poverty reduction, and put forward the implementation measures; reported to the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection the relevant results of the supervision and management of poverty relief funds, strengthened the exposure and treatment, established the clues transfer mechanism together with the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, and transferred clues of nine violations of discipline to the Party and government morality supervision office of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, etc. 
Ninth, implementing the special program of punishing and preventing duty-related crimes jointly with the Supreme People’s Procuratorate. In February 2016, we made deployments for five-year centralized remediation and preventing duty-related crimes in the field of poverty reduction jointly with the Supreme People’s Procuratorate. In 2016, the procuratorial organs at all levels investigated into 1892 people involved. We strengthened the cooperation with procuratorial organs, set up the mechanism for sharing information on annual fund projects and the investigation and prevention of duty-related crimes in the field of poverty reduction, and the mechanism for transferring clues of duty-related crimes in the field of poverty reduction, and carried out the action of warning education to prevent duty-related crimes.
Tenth, conscientiously carry out warning education activities. In 2016, we launched the warning education in the national poverty alleviation system, implemented the responsibility of strict self-governance of the Party in every respect, strengthened the construction of a clean government and the anti-corruption work, issued the“Excerpts of Xi Jinping’s Speeches on the Construction of the Party Conduct and An Honest and Clean Government and the Anti-corruption Work”and the“Illegal Cases in the Field of Poverty Alleviation”to the poverty alleviation cadres, and strived to create a honest and clean poverty alleviation work team that dares to dedicate and is brave to take on responsibility.
(Liu Mei, Department of Planning and Finance, LGOP)

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