Poverty Alleviation and Development in Qinghai Province

　　【Overview】 In 2011, the Poverty Alleviation and Development Bureau of Qinghai Province seriously implemented the decisions and deployments made by the provincial government on poverty alleviation and development, according to the requirements of “four development”, broadened the thinking, innovated mechanisms, increased investment, highlighted the key points and did solid work to successfully completed the annual work objectives and tasks assigned by the provincial government at the beginning of the year. It invested 883.755 million Yuan of financial anti-poverty funds, 99.33 million Yuan more than that of 2010, up 12.7%, and reduced the poverty-stricken people by 185,000. The per capita net income of farmers in 25 key counties reached 4068 Yuan, up 16.5%. Meanwhile, it prepared the “Planning for Poverty Alleviation and Development of Qinghai Province during the ‘12th Five-Year Plan’ Period”, the “Planning for Liaoning-Qinghai Poverty Alleviation in the ‘12th Five-Year Plan’ Period”, the “Planning for Poverty Alleviation by Entire Village Advancement in Qinghai Province”, the “Planning for Ex-situ Poverty Alleviation and Development of Qinghai Province” and the “Planning for Comprehensive Management of Special Poverty-stricken Regions of Qinghai Province”, and issued the “Opinions on the Implementation of the ‘Outline for Development-oriented Poverty Reduction for China’s Rural Areas (2011-2020)” in the name of the provincial party committee and provincial government.

　　【Entire village advancement】 The province invested 806 million Yuan to promote the implementation of entire village advancement projects in 387 impoverished villages and support 78,400 poor households and 334,700 poverty-stricken people. In accordance with the principle of “smooth channels, unchanged purpose, overall arrangements, supporting construction, responsibility and merits for specific individuals”, giving full play to the department advantages of the poverty alleviation and development leading groups at all levels, we cooperated with each other to form joint force for poverty reduction and effectively improved the conditions for infrastructure and social undertakings in the project villages and significantly improved the production and living standards of the poor. A total of 666 million Yuan of various kinds of funds was integrated, 319 million Yuan more than that of the previous year, which is the biggest amount of integrated funds in the history of the province and 2011 is the year with the best results of fund integration.

　　【Ex-situ anti-poverty relocation】 The province invested 172 million Yuan for the implementation of 57 off-site relocation-based poverty alleviation projects, involving 60 poor villages of 28 counties (cities) in eight prefectures (cities), covering 6,228 poor households and 27,600 poor people. We developed the planning for the ex-situ relocation with a high standard, promoted the project implementation through various channels and integrated the funds of various departments. We designed the projects in accordance with the standards of the construction of a new socialist countryside (pastoral area), combined the housing construction for immigrants with the renovation of rural dilapidated houses and the settlement of nomads, integrated the forces of various departments, conducted related construction, implemented community management in project villages and developed follow-up industries to lift the immigrants out of poverty. At the same time, we promoted the ex-situ anti-poverty relocation model of “three concentrations”(the concentration of farmers’ inhabitation, the concentration of land use and the concentrated development of industries) of Huangyuan County as well as the concentrated industrial development mode of Minhe County in the whole province.

　　【Rain Plan】The province reduced the practical technical trainings and expanded the short-term skills trainings, vocational qualification education and training as well as entrepreneurship training to achieve the change of poor labor training method from practical training to skills training and the change of attention from quantity effectiveness and employment. It invested 6.37 million Yuan for the implementation of the Rain Plan and training 4570 poor labors, of which 3380 received short-term skills trainings. It subsidized 1000 children from needy families to participate in vocational education; trained 100 cooperatives’ principals and farmer brokers, and transferred 90 poor students to receive free vocational education in Guangzhou Development Zone Technical School and Shandong Liaocheng Mechanical and Electrical Engineering School.

　　【Industrialization poverty alleviation】 The province actively explored the establishment of the multi-industry poverty alleviation model integrating joint household operation, shareholder dividends, share cooperation, professional cooperatives, large-scale base, village-enterprise cooperation in construction and leasing operation, achieving the transition from dispersed, short-term poverty alleviation to concentrated industrial poverty alleviation. The proportion of the villages that conducted contiguous development to promote the entire village advancement reached 90%, and a total of 426 industrial poverty alleviation bases were set up in the province.

　　【Poverty alleviation in Tibetan areas】 The province invested 80 million Yuan of special funds to support the development of Tibetan areas, implemented contiguous industrial poverty alleviation projects in the Tibetan areas of six prefectures and 18 Tibetan towns of Haidong and Xining; issued 4 million Yuan of anti-poverty funds to implement technology poverty alleviation projects in Tibetan areas, implemented the disaster prevention grass production base projects and Tibetan sheep breeding base projects in Haiyan County; issued 1.26 million Yuan of funds for the pilot reform of Rain Plan implementation planning and carried out pilot work in Zeku County and Guide County.

　　【Social poverty alleviation】 The state organs and enterprises invested a total of 4.053 million Yuan of anti-poverty funds in cash and kind, introduced 4.57 million Yuan of funds, implemented 29 anti-poverty projects, subsidized 55 poor students, held 37 training courses and trained 118 cadres and technicians and 2,972 farmers and herdsmen. The provincial aiding units put in 25.453 million Yuan (including materials) and invited investment of 175 million Yuan for the construction of 158 projects and six schools, subsidized 1,469 poor students, held 185 training courses, trained 12,100 poor farmers and herdsmen and transferred 16,000 labors. 88 leading enterprises for industrialization poverty alleviation helped 405,000 rural households to increase income, including 273,500 poor households with per household income growth of 1910.5 Yuan, and provided jobs for 30,900 poor labors, resulting in annual per capita income growth of 10,300 Yuan. 278 enterprises in the province established partnership with 361 impoverished villages and put in 51.377 million Yuan of anti-poverty funds (including materials) to support the construction of five competitive industrial projects and 52 infrastructure and public facility projects, held skills trainings for 1,930 person-times, provided jobs for 2,465 persons and subsidized 14 poor university students. 43,332 people from all circles of society in the province provided counterpart support for 32,088 poor households with anti-poverty funds of 9.8243 million Yuan (including investment in kind). The province strengthened the communications with Liaoning Province, improved the cooperation model and management mechanisms for 13 cities and one enterprise of Liaoning Province to support nine counties in the eastern arid mountain areas, determined the annual increase of 10% in the anti-poverty funds; enriched the activity forms for village-enterprise poverty alleviation cooperation, carried out the activity for one hundred enterprises to support one hundred villages jointly with the Organization Department of the Provincial Party Committee, further expanded the poverty reduction scale for enterprises to support impoverished villages and enhanced the poverty reduction effects. In order to tap social resources, expand participation channels and mobilize all circles of society to get involved in poverty alleviation and development, it set up Qinghai Province Poverty Alleviation Association to provide a platform for various types of enterprises to get involved in poverty alleviation and development. The association is the first poverty alleviation and development charitable organization in Qinghai Province and has 111 member units.

　　【Pilot work of contiguous development】 The province issued financial anti-poverty funds of 170 million Yuan to conduct poverty relief projects by contiguous industrial development in contiguous poor areas. It issued 25 million Yuan of financial funds to promote the pilot project of “county-based entire village advancement and contiguous development by integrating funds” in Ledu, Minhe, Xunhua, Tongren and Guide County.

　　【Pilot projects of mutual funds】 The province issued financial anti-poverty funds of 6.5 million Yuan to launch pilot projects of mutual funds in 40 poor villages and allocated 500,000 Yuan of financial anti-poverty funds to reward five pilot villages for mutual funds with good performance and effects.

　　【Pilot projects of discount funds for household poverty reduction】The province allocated 4.5 million Yuan of discount funds for household poverty reduction in 17 counties of six prefectures (cities), namely Xining, Haidong, Huangnan, Haibei, Hainan and Haixi.

　　【Pilot projects of poverty reduction by science and technology】The province allocated 5 million Yuan of financial anti-poverty funds to implement three pilot projects of poverty reduction by science and technology in Zeku, Minhe and Haiyan County.

　　【Rain Plan】 The province allocated 6.28 million Yuan of financial anti-poverty funds to carry out pilot reform of Rain Plan in Huangzhong, Ledu, Datong, Zeku and Guide County.

　　【Post-disaster restoration and reconstruction】 In accordance with the “Overall Planning for Post-Yushu Earthquake Restoration and Reconstruction”, it arranged 100 million Yuan of anti-poverty funds to construct post-disaster restoration and reconstruction projects in 53 affected poor villages of 14 towns in six counties of Yushu Prefecture, covering 8,278 impoverished households and 41,400 people. It invested 74.49 million Yuan for the implementation of the entire village advancement, ex-situ relocation-based poverty alleviation and the development of Tibetan areas, supported the implementation of development projects for Tibetan areas and completed the construction of other projects. The Changu Village’s Transport Team and Quarry Project and Ganda Village’s Transport Project of Yushu County funded by China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation and China Association of Poverty Alleviation and Development have achieved initial results. Yushu County’s vegetable greenhouse project and the breeding projects of Deda Village of Labu Town have all been completed and put into operation and achieved initial results.

　　【Management of anti-poverty funds】 Adhering to the systems on announcement and publicity of poverty alleviation and development project funding, account management and audit, the province announced the annual entire village advancement projects in Qinghai Daily and strengthened social supervision through radio, TV, newspapers and public notice bulletin boards, etc. Based on the new situation, new tasks and new requirements of the poverty alleviation and development in the province, it revised and improved the “Interim Measures on Supervision of Poverty Relief Projects and Funds in Qinghai” developed in 2010, carried out provincial inspection on the performance evaluation of anti-poverty funds and organized supervision on the anti-poverty projects of 15 counties in 16 prefectures and one region. Meanwhile, it checked the implementation of the ex-situ relocation-based poverty alleviation projects applied by ten counties of Hainan and Huangnan Prefecture in 2011, conducted overall examination and acceptance of the anti-poverty work in the province and conducted the mid-term evaluation of the post-disaster reconstruction projects in Yushu.

　　【Poverty alleviation publicity】 We had more than 430 pieces of news on poverty alleviation and development printed in various kinds of media, up 229%, participated in the “Exhibition on China’s Poverty Reduction Achievements in the New Century” and won the Organization Participation Award. We launched the “News Report on Poverty Alleviation and Development in Qinghai” to provide a platform for other provinces, municipalities, various departments and all circles of society to exchange experience in the field of poverty alleviation and development, organized the large-scale propaganda activity for the 19th “International Day for the Eradication of Poverty”, and displayed our anti-poverty achievements and exchanged experience through printing articles of the relevant governor, opening up the poverty alleviation and development columns in Qinghai Daily, organizing provincial aiding units to hold large-scale meetings on the square, presenting anti-poverty achievement boards and distributing poverty alleviation publicity data, etc.