Poverty Alleviation and Development in Jiangxi Province

　　【Overview】 In 2010, to achieve the strategic goal of “scientific development, catching up with developed countries and rise of green industry”, Jiangxi Province made steady progress in poverty alleviation and development and fully completed the tasks of the “11th Five-Year Plan”. It increased special funds for poverty alleviation and development. In 2010, it issued 737 million Yuan of anti-poverty funds, of which 525.08 million Yuan was from the central government, 135 million Yuan was provincial matching funds and 76.89 million Yuan was from city and county financial departments. The effectiveness of the province's poverty alleviation and development was mainly embodied in five aspects: First, continuous income growth of poor rural households despite of disasters: The per capita income in 3,069 key villages in the “11th Five-Year Plan” period reached 2,640 Yuan, up 12%; and the per capita income in the 21 key counties reached 2,940 Yuan, up 10.98%, 0.4 percentage point higher than the provincial average. Secondly, constant improvement of production and living conditions in poor rural areas. Combining anti-poverty work with post-disaster restoration and reconstruction, various counties supported more than 8100 infrastructure projects in key villages, built highroads of 25,000 kilometers, 2350 ponds and reservoirs, 780 bridges and 539 drainage and irrigation stations, built 10,191 biogas digesters, addressed the drinking water problem of 268,200 people and planted forest of more than 30,000 mu. Thirdly, rapid development of leading industries. It supported 3,405 leading industrial projects, directly supported 460,000 rural households, expanded planting area of 167,600 mu for forest, fruit, oil tea, mulberry, tobacco, medicine, etc, raised 6.499 million pigs, chickens, ducks and livestock, and developed fish, shrimp and other special aquaculture area of more than 80,000 mu. Fourthly, rapid development of public welfare in poor areas. Based on the new rural construction, it implemented 4682 public welfare projects, newly built and repaired a total of 570 schools, 737 health centers, 362 cultural centers and 381 village-level activity centers; cleaned 240,000 tons of rubbish, 29,000 sewage ditches and more than 10,000 roadblocks, updated village roads of 9,100 kilometers, improved 20,000 water supply projects and more than 56,000 toilets. Fifthly, breakthrough in social poverty alleviation. Jiangxi Province raised and integrated various industrial anti-poverty funds, fixed-point poverty alleviation units at all levels and non-public economic organizations to participate in poverty reduction and raised more than 1 billion Yuan, up 10%.

　　【Poverty reduction program】 Develop planning for poverty alleviation and development based on the development situation of the province. According to the requirements of integrating into and responding to the construction of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Jiangxi Province developed the "Planning for Poverty Alleviation and Development in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone" and the overall planning and specific programs for anti-poverty work in the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, and prepared for the development of the “Outline” for the poverty alleviation and development in the next decade in Jiangxi Province. Special anti-poverty programs in Jiangxi Province include the planning for poverty alleviation by entire village advancement, planning for off-site relocation-based poverty reduction, planning for the development of pro-poor industrial projects, planning for poverty alleviation by science and technology and labor transfer training in poor areas (Rain Plan), planning for social poverty alleviation, etc. On this basis, the overall planning for the anti-poverty work in the province was developed, i.e. the “Overall Planning for Poverty Alleviation and Development of Jiangxi Province in the ‘12th Five-Year Plan’ period”. Meanwhile, poverty alleviation and immigration departments at all levels were required to include the poverty alleviation programs into the overall planning for national economic and social development of governments at all levels. In October 2010, the Seminar on Poverty Alleviation and Relocation of Jiangxi Province was convened. It mainly discussed the relevant ideas and work of the overall planning for the poverty alleviation and development in Jiangxi in the “12th Five-Year Plan” period and the planning for poverty alleviation by entire village advancement in impoverished villages of Jiangxi Province in the "12th Five-Year Plan" period.

　　【Entire village advancement】 In 2010, the province issued 969.61 million Yuan to 3069 key villages in the province, of which 422.65 million Yuan was financial anti-poverty funds and 546.96 million Yuan was raised from various departments and other sources, which guaranteed the timely completion of entire village advancement. Based on the new rural construction, various cities and counties increased efforts on key problem tackling for entire village advancement, which greatly improved the appearance of the key villages. They newly built rural roads of 5,857 kilometers, increased irrigated land of 235,600 mu and addressed the drinking water problem of 236,800 people and 238,000 head of livestock. To support the development of competitive featured industries, making breakthrough in the traditional farming and breeding structure, some counties have created large-scale industrial clusters for contiguous development and poverty alleviation. They newly built cultural centers of 22,382 square meters and village clinics of 18,236 square meters, innovated 481 dilapidated houses and built primary schools of 42,059 square meters. The per capita net income of key villages rose from 2357 Yuan in 2009 to 2640 Yuan in 2010.

　　【Labor transfer training - Rain Plan】 In 2010, Jiangxi Province issued training funds of 21 million Yuan for 36,600 people involved in “Rain Plan”, and actually trained 37,769 people, completing 103.14% of the scheduled task. It organized labor transfer training for 22,005 poor young people, 102.8% of the scheduled task; transferred employments of 21,019 people and the transfer employment rate reached 85.52%; transferred l employments of 16,726 people within the province, accounting for 79.57% of the total, and the provincial employment transfer rate reached 76.14%. It organized trainings of secondary and senior technicians for 4,398 people, 112.82% of the scheduled task, and enterprising skills for returned migrant workers and practical agricultural technical trainings for 11,366 people, 100% of the scheduled task.

　　【Industrialization and leading enterprise of poverty alleviation in poor areas】 To address the food and clothing problem of the poor and help them shake off poverty and get rich, the province strengthened support for industrial development, formulated development planning for poverty alleviation industry and established poverty alleviation project database to support the orderly development of featured poverty reduction industry in various regions. It strengthened support for and management of 20 national poverty alleviation leading enterprises and 100 provincial poverty alleviation leading enterprises. In 2010, it increased four key counties for contiguous development of poverty relief industry; continued to allocate interest discount subsidies to support poverty reduction by industrialization; launched the “Mutual Funds” pilot projects in 100 additional key counties and 32 industrial projects of poverty reduction by science and technology; cooperated with relevant research institutes to carry out poverty reduction by science and technology themed “Integrating into the Construction of Poyang Lake to Achieve Ecological Poverty Reduction”. In 2010, it issued 10.15 million Yuan of poverty relief loan interest discount subsidy to support 181 industrial poverty alleviation projects, guided the issuance of 338.34 million Yuan to benefit 2.13 poor people; issued 10.15 million Yuan of household loan discount subsidy to encourage the issuance of loans of 203 million Yuan. The poor used the discount loans to develop production, covering 565,000 rural households, including 129,000 poor households, and achieved per household income growth of 923 Yuan.

　　【Relocation-based poverty alleviation】 In 2010, in accordance with the assigned task of relocation of 50,000 people for poverty reduction, the province relocated 13,425 households and 59,021 people, 18% beyond annual plan, and a total of 370,000 people had been relocated by then, including 6,533 minority people involved in off-site relocation. In October 2010, it particularly relocated 7,060 people for disaster relief; 45,487 people were covered by the concentrated resettlement and 13,534 people by scattered resettlement; the government built houses for 54,018 immigrants, purchased houses for 4,947 immigrants and moved 56 people to seniors’ homes. Meanwhile, the province newly constructed 395 concentrated resettlement spots, 391 with access to roads, 387 with access to electricity, 377 with water supply and 372 with access to roads, electricity and water, respectively accounting for 99%, 98.4%, 95.4% and 94.2% of the total.

　　【County-based pilot projects of contiguous development】 In 2010, Jiangxi Province launched pilot projects of contiguous development in Jinggangshan City, Yugan County, Guangchang County and Xiushui County with total investment of 594.67 million Yuan. Adhering to the tenet of poverty alleviation and development, through policy coordination and mechanism innovation, the province strengthened integration of financial anti-poverty funds and other agriculture-related funds, established the mechanism to support projects and benefit the poor and actively explored new ways for combining entire village advancement and contiguous development in poverty reduction. As of the end of 2010, it invested 416.01 million Yuan, accounting for 70% of the total, of which 396.01 million Yuan was integrated funds.

　　【Social poverty alleviation】 In 2010, a total of 1,947 units at all levels participated in the fixed-point poverty reduction with investment of 213 million Yuan, including special funds they put in and introduced materials and cash investment. 8 units directly under the central government issued 130 million Yuan in kind and cash for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Jiangxi Province; 780 private enterprises issued 121 million Yuan in kind and cash; more than 100,000 party members, cadres and rural residents capable in getting rich put in more than 45 million Yuan in kind and cash for counterpart support for poor households; 50 provincial government affiliated units directly invested 192 million Yuan in key counties, and more than 100 million Yuan was donated by all circles of society in the province that year.

　　【Cadre training in poor areas】 In 2010, Jiangxi Province organized 576 trainings for 32691 poverty relief cadres, including 89 trainings for 2,921 county and township leaders, 191 trainings for 9,808 anti-poverty cadres and 296 trainings for 19,962 village cadres. Total investment for poverty relief cadre training reached 5.9877 million Yuan, up 7.25%, of which 1.7331 million Yuan was issued for the trainings organized by the provincial departments, up 43.04%, and 4.2546 million Yuan was for the trainings held by county governments.

　　【Seminar on poverty alleviation and relocation in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone】 After field research in the core protective area of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, Jiangxi Provincial Poverty Alleviation and Immigration Office held in Xingzi County the seminar on poverty alleviation and relocation in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone on March 24, 2010. The event clarified the main task of poverty alleviation and relocation in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone. First, in the field of ecological construction, we must improve rural infrastructure, improve the production and living conditions, increase efforts on rural garbage treatment and construction of afforestation projects to improve environment, and continue relocation in poverty reduction to promote ecological immigration. Secondly, we must establish ecological industrial systems, mainly agricultural industrial system and service industrial system, to help farmers get rich, focus on the development of leading enterprises, agricultural production bases and ecological tourism industry and actively explore the establishment of an ecological industry support system integrating “economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits”. Thirdly, in the field of construction of ecological civilization, we must actively build in poor areas the cultural ethics characterized by virtuous cycle, overall development and sustained prosperity as well as the harmony between man and nature, between various people and between man and society.

　　【Identification of old revolutionary base counties】 In 2010, Jiangxi Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Jiangxi Provincial Poverty Alleviation and Immigration Office (the Provincial Office of Old Revolutionary Base Area Construction) and the Party History Research Office of the Provincial Party Committee jointly issued the “Notice on Declaration and Verification of Central Soviet Counties”. Local governments were required to organize relevant departments to collect and seriously sort out historical data and make verifications of Central Soviet Counties in the whole province to lay a foundation for accelerating the development of old revolutionary base areas. A total of 63 Central Soviet Counties (cities) were identified and reported to the Party History Research Centre of CCCPC after being approved by the provincial government.

　　【Post-disaster restoration and reconstruction】In 2010, Jiangxi Province was hit by catastrophic floods. Local governments conscientiously implemented the emergency arrangement of the provincial party committee and government, quickly sent people to conduct field survey in the disaster-affected areas and give instructions in disaster relief, and urgently mobilized all circles of society to donate for the disaster-affected people. Taking disaster relief work as a platform for excelling in performance, various cities with districts earnestly implemented the deployments of the Party Organization of the Provincial Poverty Alleviation and Immigration Office for post-disaster reconstruction, adopted specific measures to support disaster relief work in the affected areas through development of planning, allocation of projects and social poverty reduction, and combined their annual work with helping affected poor areas tide over difficulties to ensure the completion of annual task.

　　【Mutual funds】Based on pilot mutual funds in 190 impoverished villages, in 2010, Jiangxi Province arranged 60 national pilot villages and 50 provincial pilot villages for the mutual funds projects with investment of 16.5 million, and the total number of pilot villages in the province reached 300. 50.25 million Yuan of village development mutual funds were raised, of which 28.5 million Yuan was financial anti-poverty funds from the central government and 15.3 million Yuan was provincial matching funds, accounting for 87.2% of the total; and 4.473 million Yuan was from rural households, accounting for 8.9%. The mutual funds covered 139,943 rural households and 19,089 rural household participated in the mutual aid organizations, including 7,852 poor households, accounting for 41.2% of the total. In 2010, the 300 pilot villages issued mutual fund loans of 47.108 million Yuan to 10,312 people, 38.01 million Yuan of loans were repaid, including the loans paid by 4,600 poor households; 18.599 million Yuan of loans were issued to poor households. The mutual funds helped the households engaged in planting earn income of 20.545 million Yuan, helped those specializing in breeding earn income of 16.288 million Yuan, those in processing 4.742 million Yuan and other fields, 5.533 million Yuan as well.

　　【Convergence of two systems】 In April 2010, Jiangxi Province officially launched pilot projects for effective convergence of the rural minimum living security system and pro-poor policies, covering 4,559 administrative villages in 420 towns of 21 national key counties for poverty alleviation and development. As of November 30, 2010, based on the national poverty line of 1,196 Yuan of per capita net income, 21 key counties identified 256,683 low-income households and 830,596 low-income people, accounting for 9.57% of the total population of 8,681,403, of which: 164,807 households and 581,493 people were objects of poverty reduction, accounting for 70%; 42,049 households and 108,135 people received the subsistence allowances, accounting for 13.02%; 44,059 households and 133,959 people were objects of poverty reduction and minimum living security system, accounting for 16.13%, and 5,768 households and 7,010 people were objects of the “five-guarantee” system, accounting for 0.85%. Compared to the figure of 764,413 assigned for the 21 pilot counties by the province according to national statistic department, 66,183 more poor people were identified, 8.66% more than the assigned target.

　　【Projects of Kerry Group Kuok Foundation in Jiangxi】 In May 2010, Xiushui County of Jiangxi Province officially became the ninth poverty alleviation base of Kerry Group Kuok Foundation in Mainland China. The project is mainly launched in key villages for poverty alleviation and development, radiating the whole county. In the field of sanitation, education, industry, water resources and infrastructure construction, it mainly helps the villages in remote impoverished mountainous areas shake off poverty and get rich. The Foundation issues 5 to 10 million Yuan a year to carry out a 15-year survey on poverty relief work, aiming to explore sustainable, reproducible new patterns for rural development.

　　【Building a clean and honest government】On March 10, 2010, a work conference on construction of an honest and clean government in poverty alleviation and immigration of Jiangxi Province was held in Nanchang. Based on the actual situation of poverty alleviation and immigration in the new era, according to the meeting, we must continue to enhance our awareness of the importance and necessity of construction of an honest and clean government in the field of poverty alleviation and immigration; to fulfill our mission, we must strengthen the construction of an honest and clean government to promote the scientific development of poverty alleviation and immigration in the new era and effectively strengthen organizational leadership to ensure the implementation of building an honest and clean government.

　　【“China Economic Times” interviewed Jiangxi Provincial Poverty Alleviation and Immigration Office】On April 14, 2010, “China Economic Times” printed the article titled “Jiangxi: Development-oriented Poverty Alleviation Promotes Development” about the interview with Liu Yongsi, Director of Jiangxi Provincial Poverty Alleviation and Immigration Office. The article mainly introduced Jiangxi’s experience in seizing development opportunity, changing poverty reduction pattern, strengthening blood-making capability of the poor, improving the mechanism for great pattern of poverty alleviation, implementing the “Ten, Hundred, Thousand and Ten Thousand” Project and promoting the scientific development of poverty alleviation and immigration and the effectiveness as well.